Die polities-geografiese ontwikkeling van Transkei vanaf 1913 tot 1976

English: The political geographical independence of Transkei in 1976 was the outcome and culmination of the evolutionary interaction between territory, systems of government and subjects ("people") over a span of more than three centuries. During this political-geographical evolution of the subordinate (Transkei), the South African Government acted as dominant actor which itself traversed a period of political-geographical interaction and emancipation of territory, systems of government and subjects. To·peacefully accommodate non-assimilatory and clashing cultures (Western vs Third World) in one restricted, delimited space (later the Republic of South Africa) a unique strategy of spatial organization, viz of spatial subdivision, and almost total to total political segregation has been put to the test and brought into practice by the dominant actor(s), Holland, Britain, South Africa, for more than three centuries. Especially during the twentieth century it has become all the more clear to the South African Government(s), as the dominant actor, that this strategy could presumably be the best of several political models to solve the otherwise forced space sharing by cultures of different, adversative and sometimes implacable social, economic, perceptional, but especially political aspirations and saturation levels. The political-geographical strategies applied by the different South African Governments during the twentieth century in an evolutionary fashion, developed the. Transkei from an adjusted tribal control (amongst others the Bunga system), through directed but culture-adjusted separate development (a people develops at its own pace, according to its own norms, urges, needs and perceptions to its own political geographical goals in its own territory), through absolute territorial separation and territorial consolidation with self-government, to a type of tribal-adjusted democratic independence. To accomplish these strategies, namely political, economic, social, educational and gradual emancipation processes were generated and manipulated to attain idealized government patterns and territorial consolidated spatial patterns. Internal acceptance by the subordinate actor (Transkei) of these superimposed strategies and processes gradually eased, resistance from within the Transkeian Territory crumbled, or was suppressed within and outside Transkei, or went underground. The selfgoverning Transkei took its own initiative to request total spatial disengagement and governmental independence from its once dominant actor. Transkei became independent on 26 October 1976. Two malevolent factors which detrimentally influencing international recognition (acceptance) of Transkeian independence were citizenship rights and the unyielding resistance. by the OAU and UN.