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Item Open Access Landelik-stedelike interaksie en plaaslike owerheidsbestuur in die Stellenbosch-distrik(University of the Free State, 1999) Cedras, Lucinda; Van der Merwe, IzakEnglish: The distinction between rural and urban areas in various parts of the world is fading because of increasing interaction between the two groups of communities. lt is particularly the nature and magnitude of the levels of integration between towns and their surrrounding rural areas that holds definitive implications for future local government in the areas. This paper reports the results of the degree of rural-urban interaction and convergence in the magisterial district of Stellenbosch. Aspects examined include demographic characteristics, educational characteristics and economic activities. It is evident that significant convergence between the town and surrounding rural areas has already occurred. The geographical unit of the district together with the interaction between the rural and urban areas justifies further research with regard to possible incorporation of the rural areas into the town.Item Open Access Die verbouing van tafeldruiwe en sultanas in die Benede-Oranje-riviergebied(University of the Free State, 1999) De Villiers, Gawie; Du Plessis, AnnetteEnglish: The table grape and sultana industry is an economic mainstay for the Lower Orange River area, but without irrigation the industry cannot exist, mainly because of the dry climate in the area. However, it is not only the availability of water that is influenced by the climate, but the production of the table grapes and sultanas is also influenced by climatic factors such as temperature and rainfall, as well as the type of soil and the moisture content. A bright future is foreseen for the table grape industry in the Lower Orange River area, and the excellent potential for growth should encourage the farmers to produce even more. It is predicted that the area will eventually produce approximately 30% of all table grapes for the export market. It is also expected that the area under all table grape cultivars will increase from some 1 600 hectares to some 4 100 hectares for the period 1996 to 2000.Item Open Access Die weg na 'n omgewingsgeografie(University of the Free State, 1999) Barnard, WilhelmEnglish: While geography's organization in subdisciplines hardly changed since it was institutionalized as a university discipline during the 1880s, its struccure and research styles changed rapidly and fundamentally since 1960. These changes severely stressed physical geography, the traditional base of the discipline. Within geography the socalled quantification revolution of the 1960s alienated physical geography to such extent from the rest of the discipline that physical geographers failed to utilize the opportunities opened up from outside by the 'environmental turn' of the 1970s. At present the interests of physical geographers are accommodated within a new 'environmental geography' which is wider in domain and more flexible and permeable than its predecessor. This article orientates environmental geography in the world of science and suggests a framework for training in and the practice of environmental geography.Item Open Access 'Relevansie' in die sielkunde in Suid-Afrika(University of the Free State, 1999) Viljoen, Dawie; Louw, Dap; Beukes, RoelfEnglish: In this article a general view regarding the debate on relevance in psychology in South Africa is given. It would appear that the psychology profession should be established as an important role player in the socio-political context of the country in order to make a contribution towards a peaceful and democratic society. To be able to render efficient cross-cultural services, the universal principles of psychology should be adhered to. Cultural diversity should, however, be acknowledged and Afrocentric principles in psychology should be accommodated. Attention should be given to the shortage of psychologists from non-Western population groups, while co-operation with traditional healers should be promoted. Psychological services should be extended to the broad population, and such services should be made more accessible and should be marketed better. Furthermore some implications of the debate on relevance in the training of psychologists have been discussed.Item Open Access Psychology and culture: the politics of recognition(University of the Free State, 1999) Beyers, EefkeEnglish: In this article it is suggested that the two main ontological assumptions prevalent in mainstream Western psychology (atomism and holism) are accompanied by implicit moral ideals as well as concomitant constructions of selves, notions of good and political directives. A case is made for viewing present trends in psychology towards the accommodation of culture as representative of a holistic ideal and of a concomitant politics of recognition of difference. This ontological and political perspective may be seen as a corrective of atomistic liberalism in the direction communitarian liberalism. The latter position is neither collectivise nor ethnocentric in orientation but liberal in the original sense of the word.Item Open Access Die postmodernistiese diskoers en die Suid-Afrikaanse ekonomiese oorgang(University of the Free State, 1999) Naude, WillemEnglish: The postmodernist reaction to the Cartesian Anxiety caused by the rejection of modernism as philosophical basis for science is set out in this paper. It is argued that the hermeneutical tradition within postmodernism might be a useful way of approaching the current question of an appropriate economic strategy for the postapartheid economy. Some implications that might be relevant for the role of economists at South African Higher Education Institutions (HEls) are drawn out. The paper concludes that discourse, debate and rhetoric might be indispensable for the advance of economic justice in South Africa, and might also be an instrument to allow for individual choice, and eventually, individual reckoning.Item Open Access Images of European youth at the turn of the century as reflected in the autobiographies of three Jewish writers: Arthur Schnitzler, Stefan Zweig and Ernst Toller(University of the Free State, 1999) Knobloch, Hans-JorgAfrikaans: In hierdie artikel word aan die hand van die outobiografieë van drie Duitstalige outeurs 'n beeld van die Europese jeug van 'n eeu gelede weergegee. Drie temas word ondersoek: ouerhuis en skool, liefde en seksualiteit asook politiek en gemeenskap. Dit blyk dat die jeug van toentertyd nie gelukkiger was as die jeug van vandag nie. Op die gebied van opvoeding is die klem meer op strengheid as op toegeneentheid geplaas, in die skool meer op drilwerk as op bevordering van die intellek. Die eerste liefdesavonture het wel nog die opwinding van die misterieuse gehad, maar is deur (seksuele) skynheiligheid en vrees vir sifilis bederf. Die meeste jeugdiges het ten minste nog in 'n veilige wêreld opgegroei, maar selfs die is ten einde van die negentiende eeu deur toenemende nasionalisme en antisemitisme oorskadu.Item Open Access 'Modernity': the historical ontology(University of the Free State, 1999) Venter, PontiEnglish: The article focuses on a fundamental and generally disregarded aspect of modern thought: the turn in eighteenth-century philosophy towards a historical ontology. The works of selected intellectuals such as Defoe and Rousseau (in contrast to Hobbes) highlight the shift away from a static, hierarchical ontology with God as the highest structuring force, in the direction of a historical ontology with an inherent teleology and the dominance of reason as its eschaton - progress between the dialectically related poles of nature and culture. This historical ontology has since been taken up by important nineteenth-century thinkers such as Hegel, Comte, Marx and Darwin, and also makes its influence felt in the irrationalist tradition (albeit with the poles inverted), and even in the present day in various areas of culture (such as the film Dead Poets' Society).Item Open Access In the home stretch: the legalisation of African traditional healing in South Africa(University of the Free State, 1999) Pretorius, EngelaEnglish: The overall aim of this article is to describe the current status of indigenous health care policy and to determine what progress has been made in translating policy principles into action. The article deals with the models for incorporating traditional health care into the official health care system; the present status of traditional health care and the rationale for legitimising it; the many complex issues involved in developing a policy on ethnomedicine, and an assessment of the progress made in respect of the legalisation of this kind of health care five years into the new order. The main conclusion is that, although great strides have been made, there are still some very serious constraints which are likely to inhibit the indigenous health care sector for some time to come.