Aspects of bio-intensive pea aphid, acyrthospihon pisum (Harris) management on lentil, lens culinaris (Medikus)
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Date
2001-11
Authors
Andarge, Alemtaye
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of the Free State
Abstract
Damage caused by the Pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) is a limiting factor in lentil
production in Ethiopia. Although application is minimal, losses are combated with the
application of synthetic pesticides like PrimicarbĀ®. However, the continuous application of
synthetic pesticides may result the development of insect resistance to insecticides, adverse
effect on non-target organisms and environmental pollution. It is therefore necessary to
implement a multi-faceted approach in order to keep A. pisum populations below economic
threshold level.
This thesis highlights aspects of an integrated pest management approach to this pest.
The components studied were host plant resistance, biological control and chemical control
with bio-rational pesticides. All the trials were done under glasshouse condition in the
University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
The host plant resistance study was completed in two phases. The first phase dealt
with the preliminary screening of fifty entries of lentil introduced for such purposes. One
entry appeared to be resistant while six were moderately resistant to A. pisum. The resistant
entry and four of moderately resistant entries selected randomly were chosen for the next
study. The second phase thoroughly examined and identified the mechanisms of resistance of
each entry previously identified as moderately resistant and/or resistant.
With in the field of microbial control of agricultural pests, the effect of Beauveria
bassiana on population of A. pisum was evaluated. This method appeared to be effective in
significantly reducing the population of A. pisum compared with the control. The last
component investigated the influence of the botanical product NeemolinĀ® and extracts of
Wild sering, Burkea africana on the fecundity of A. pisum. A. pisum populations treated with
NeemolinĀ® produced significantly fewer offspring than the control and proved to be an
effective control measure. On the other hand, application of extracts of Wild sering, Burkea
africana did not affect A. pisum population. The result does not indicate the failure of this
extract against the pest rather highlights the need to keep the extract in water for long hours
so that the extract can dissolve and the insecticidal property can be enhanced.
The results of this study therefore indicate that the components of an integrated pest
management approach included in this study will serve as a base towards effective
management of this pest.
Description
Keywords
Insect-plant relationships, Aphids -- Control, Lentils -- Disease and pest resistance, Dissertation (M.Sc. (Zoology and Entomology))--University of the Free State, 2002