Die voorspelling van akademiese sukses by eerstejaar-technikonstudente

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Date
2000-04
Authors
Moolman, Petronella Fredrika
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Publisher
University of the Free State
Abstract
English: The shortage of high-level person power is a world-wide problem. Serious economic problems are also experienced in South Africa as a result of this. Higher education plays a central role in meeting South Africa's social and economic needs. The Department of Education sets broad higher education objectives that regard the transformation of higher education as part of South Africa's pursuit of social justice and progress of the economy as a whole. The relation between higher education and South Africa's economic and socialprogress was explained in this study within the framework of the general systemstheory. In the pursuit of achieving higher educational institution objectives, higher educational institutions frequently use selection processes. The challenge that higher educational institutions are currently facing is to develop selection models that will succeed in identifying talented individuals and in effectively predicting future academic success. The problem regarding selection is complex in a multicultural country like South Africa, because unequal opportunities and different backgrounds are substantial realities. New selection models must be developed to accommodatethe changing cultural composition of South Africa. As Technikon Free State is confronted with overwhelming numbers of students and unequal backgrounds, a new selection model was used which takes into account general scholastic aptitude as measured by the General Scholastic Aptitude Test (GSAT),language skills as measured by the English Proficiency Test (EPT),and the number of subjects for which students registered. The problem statement of this study is the determination of a selection model that could predict possible academic success for first-year technikon students. This study determines to what extent the predictor variables, namely matric results, GSAT-counts,EPT-countsand the number of subjects for which students register can be utilised to predict the criterion variable, namely academic success, in the Faculties of Management, Engineering, Human Science and Applied Sciences. A step-wise regression analysis was done to determine the above. It appeared from the results that matric performance was the variable that correlated most highly with academic success. This trend was indicated mainly for the total group. The regression equation indicated that this variable correctly predicted approximately 13 % of the total variance of the criterion variable.
Afrikaans: Die tekort aan hoëvlakpersoonskrag is 'n wêreldwye probleem. Ernstige ekonomiese probleme word ook in Suid-Afrika as gevolg hiervan ondervind. Hoër onderwys speel 'n sentrale rol in die voorsiening van Suid-Afrika se sosiale en ekonomiese behoeftes. Die Departement van Onderwys stel breë hoëronderwysdoelwitte wat die hervorming van hoër onderwys as deel beskou van Suid-Afrika se strewe na sosiale regverdigheid en die vooruitgang van die ekonomie in sy geheel. Die verband tussen hoër onderwys en Suid-Afrika se ekonomiese en sosiale vooruitgang is in hierdie ondersoek binne die raamwerk van die algemene sisteemteorie verduidelik. In die strewe na die bereiking van hoëronderwysdoelwitte maak hoëronderwysinstansies dikwels van keuringsprosesse gebruik. Die uitdaging wat tans aan hoëronderwysinstansies gestel word, is om keuringsmodelle te ontwikkel wat daarin sal slaag om talentvolle individue te identifiseer en toekomstige akademiese sukses effektief te voorspel. Die probleme rondom keuring is in 'n multikulturele land soos Suid-Afrika kompleks aangesien ongelyke geleenthede en verskillende agtergronde 'n wesenlike realiteit is. Nuwe keuringsmodelle moet ontwikkel word om die veranderde kultuursamestelling van Suid-Afrika te akkommodeer. Aangesien die Technikon Vrystaat met die probleem van oorweldigende getalle studente en ongelyke agtergronde gekonfronteer word, is 'n nuwe keuringsmodel gebruik wat matriekprestasie, algemene skolastiese aanleg soos gemeet deur die Algemene Skolastiese Aanlegtoets (ASAT), taalvaardigheid soos gemeet deur die Eng/ish Proficiency Test (EPT) en die aantal vakke waarvoor studente inskryf, in aanmerking neem. Die probleemstelling van hierdie ondersoek is die bepaling van 'n keuringsmodel wat moontlike akademiese sukses vir eerstejaar-technikonstudente kan voorspel. Hierdie ondersoek bepaal in watter mate die voorspellerveranderlikes, naamlik matriekresultate, ASAT-tellings, EPT-tellings en die aantal vakke waarvoor studente inskryf, benut kan word om die kriteriumveranderlike, naamlik akademiese sukses (soos gemeet deur die Oktober-jaarpunt) te voorspel in die Fakulteite Bestuurswese, Ingenieurswese, Geesteswetenskappe en Toegepaste Wetenskappe. 'n Stapsgewyse regressie-ontleding is gedoen om bogenoemde te bepaal. Uit die resultate het dit geblyk dat matriekprestasie die veranderlike was wat die hoogste met akademiese sukses gekorreleer het. Hierdie tendens het hoofsaaklik vir die totale groep geblyk. Die regressie-vergelyking het daarop gedui dat hierdie veranderlike ongeveer 13 % van die totale variansie van die kriteriumveranderlike korrek voorspel.
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Keywords
South Africa, Higher education, Technikon Free State, Selection of first-year students, Academic achievement -- South Africa -- Free State, Ability testing, Prediction of scholastic success -- South Africa -- Free State, Dissertation (M.Soc.Sc. (Psychology))--University of the Free State, 2000
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