The role of demographic variables in the relationship between coping self-efficacy, perceived social support and subject well-being in first-year students

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Date
2014-11
Authors
Wiggill, Danene
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Publisher
University of the Free State
Abstract
English: Students experience many difficulties and life challenges during the transition from high school to university. An indicator of positive adjustment during such a transition is subjective well-being. Individual and social resources contribute to individuals' subjective well-being. In addition, demographic variables, such as gender, contribute to differences experienced in this area. Coping self-efficacy, which previously was identified as playing a role in general well-being, can be considered an individual resource associated with well-being. However, no South African study currently confirms the role of coping self-efficacy in subjective well-being. Perceived social support is a social resource that has been associated positively with subjective well-being. However, relocating away from supportive social structures such as relatives and friends can affect perceived social support and has indeed been found to increase students’ adjustment difficulties. To date, research on the factors affecting the subjective well-being of South African students who relocate to new cities to further their studies has been lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the role of gender and relocation in the relationship between coping self-efficacy, perceived social support, and subjective well-being among first-year students at the University of the Free State. A quantitative, non-experimental, correlational design was used in this study. The measuring instruments included a biographical questionnaire, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Affectometer 2 (short version), the Coping Self-efficacy Scale, and the Perceived Social Support Scale. The role of gender, relocation, coping self-efficacy, and perceived social support from family and friends was investigated by using a hierarchical regression analysis. Results from the study indicate that only coping self-efficacy and perceived social support from family play a statistically significant role in subjective well-being. Gender and relocation do not play a statistically significant role in subjective well-being. These findings emphasise the importance of further research on subjective well-being in first-year students in the South African context.
Afrikaans: In die oorgang van hoërskool na universiteit word studente met baie probleme en lewensuitdagings gekonfronteer. Subjektiewe welstand is 'n aanduider van positiewe aanpassing tydens so 'n oorgang. Individuele en sosiale hulpbronne dra by tot individue se subjektiewe welstand. Bykomend dra demografiese veranderlikes soos geslag by tot verskille wat op hierdie terrein ondervind word. Coping selfdoeltreffendheid, wat voorheen geïdentifiseer is as spelende 'n rol in algemene welstand, kan gereken word as 'n individuele hulpbron wat met welstand geassosieer word. Geen Suid-Afrikaanse studie bevestig egter tans die rol van coping selfdoeltreffendheid in subjektiewe welstand nie. Waargenome sosiale ondersteuning is 'n sosiale hulpbron wat positief met subjektiewe welstand geassosieer is. Hervestiging weg van ondersteunende sosiale strukture soos familie en vriende kan waargenome sosiale ondersteuning affekteer, en dit is bevind dat dit studente se aanpassingsprobleme vermeerder. Tot op datum was daar 'n tekort aan navorsing oor faktore wat die subjektiewe welstand van Suid-Afrikaanse studente wat in nuwe stede hervestig om hulle studies te bevorder, affekteer. Die doel van hierdie studie is daarom om die rol van geslag en hervestiging in die verhouding tussen coping selfdoeltreffendheid, waargenome sosiale ondersteuning en subjektiewe welstand onder eerstejaarstudente aan die Universiteit van die Vrystaat te ondersoek. 'n Kwantitatiewe, nie-eksperimentele, korrelasionele ontwerp is in hierdie studie gebruik. Die meetinstrumente sluit 'n biografiese vraelys, die Satisfaction with Life-skaal, die Affectometer 2 (kort weergawe), die Coping Self-efficacy-skaal, en die Perceived Social Support-skaal in. 'n Hiërargiese regressie-analise is gebruik om die rol van geslag, hervestiging, coping selfdoeltreffendheid en waargenome sosiale ondersteuning van familie en vriende te ondersoek. Studieresultate toon dat slegs coping selfdoeltreffendheid en waargenome sosiale ondersteuning van familie 'n statisties beduidende rol in subjektiewe welstand speel. Geslag en hervestiging speel nie 'n statisties beduidende rol in subjektiewe welstand nie. Hierdie bevindinge benadruk die belangrikheid van verdere navorsing oor subjektiewe welstand by eerstejaarstudente in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks.
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Keywords
Subjective well-being, Coping self-efficacy, Perceived social support, First-year students, Positive adjustment, Gender, Relocation, Positive psychology, Developmental psychology -- South Africa., College students -- Psychology, Dissertation (M.A. (Clinical Psychology)--University of the Free State, 2014
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