Coping as a moderator variable in the relationship between occupational stressors and burnout amongst psychologists

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Date
2004-12
Authors
Philip, Anu Anna
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Publisher
University of the Free State
Abstract
English: The aim of this research was to determine whether the coping utilized by South African psychologists had a moderating effect on the relationship between occupational stress and the levels of burnout they experienced. Human service professionals, such as psychologists, are involved with working closely and intensely with people. Due to the intense nature of these relationships as well as the severity of the problems dealt with, these professionals tend to get overly stressed and if the stress prevails, burnt-out. Little South African literature is available on this topic. The psychologists that were involved in this study were selected from their membership in the Psychologica l Society of South Africa (PsySSA). The study was aimed at psychologists employed in private practice in the Free State area. The sample consisted of 100 psychologists. The Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Cope questionnaire, a work of experience questionnaire and a biographical questionnaire (both developed by the researcher) were administered to the research sample. Burnout is measured by three subscales, namely, emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and a sense of reduced personal accomplishment. Two types of coping styles were measured, namely emotion-focused and problem -focused coping. The results obtained indicate that the participants experience elevated levels of stress, the highest stress levels were reported on practice issues, such as nature and severity of client’s diagnosis, prognosis of clients, client load and socio-economic -status of clients. The levels of burnout were also elevated, and a majority of the psychologists appear to have a diminished sense of personal competence. No significant relationship existed between work stress and burnout for this research sample. The coping mechanisms utilized by the psychologists in this study do not have a moderating effect on the relationship between their stress and burnout levels.
Afrikaans: Die doel van hierdie navorsing was om te bepaal of die hanteringsmeganismes wat deur Suid - Afrikaanse sielkundiges gebruik w ord, 'n moderatoreffek gehad het op die verwantskap tussen beroepstres en die vlakke van uitbranding wat hulle ervaar het. As beroepspersone in die hulpprofessies werk sielkundiges daagliks baie nou en intensief met mense. Weens die intense aard van hierdi e verhoudings asook die erns van die probleme wat hanteer word, is hierdie beroepspersone geneig om oormatige stres te ervaar, en selfs uitbranding indien die stres voortduur. Daar is min Suid - Afrikaanse literatuur beskikbaar oor hierdie onderwerp. Die sielkundiges wat betrokke was by hierdie studie is geselekteer op grond van hulle lidmaatskap van die Suid - Afrikaanse Sielkundevereniging (SASV). Die studie was gerig op sielkundiges in privaat praktyk in die Vrystaat - omgewing. Die steekproef het bestaan uit 100 sielkundiges. Die Maslach Burnout Inventory, die Cope - vraelys, 'n vraelys oor ervaring van werk en 'n biografiese vraelys (albei deur die navorser ontwikkel) is op die navorsingsgroep toegepas. Uitbranding word deur drie subskale gemeet, naamlik em osionele uitputting, depersonalisasie en 'n gevoel van verminderde persoonlike bekwaamheid. Twee tipes hanteringstyle is gemeet, naamlik emosiegerigte en probleemgerigte hantering. Potensiële stressors wat in hierdie studie geïdentifiseer is Die resultat e wat verkry is, dui daarop dat die deelnemers verhoogde stresvlakke ervaar. Die hoogste stresvlakke is gevind ten opsigte van praktykkwessies soos die aard en erns van 'n kliënt se diagnose, die prognose van kliënte, kliëntelading en die sosio - ekonomiese status van kliënte. Die uitbrandingsvlakke was ook verhoog, en dit blyk dat die meerderheid sielkundiges ook 'n verminderde gevoel van persoonlike bekwaamheid ervaar. Daar was geen beduidende verwantskap tussen werkstres en uitbranding vir hierdie navors ingsgroep nie. Die hanteringsmeganismes wat deur die sielkundiges in hierdie studie gebruik is, het nie 'n moderatoreffek op die verwantskap tussen hulle stres en uitbrandingsvlakke nie.
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Keywords
Dissertation (M.Sc. (Counselling Psychology))--University of the Free State, 2004, Psychologists -- Job stress, Burn out (Psychology), Adjustment (Psychology), Stress (Psychology), Work stress, Coping mechanisms
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