The relationship between ego identity status and perceived parenting style in Black adolescents from different family structures

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Date
2015-01
Authors
Grove, Lucie Christina
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Publisher
University of the Free State
Abstract
English: Adolescence is a dynamic life phase in which the formation of an identity is prioritised. The family is one of the primary structures supporting adolescents in reaching various developmental tasks, including forming an ego identity. The structure of the family and parenting styles can play a role in how adolescents develop ego identity. In South Africa, adolescents form their identities in the context of a constantly changing social environment, creating unique challenges for the development of their identities. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the relationship between ego identity statuses and perceived parenting styles in black adolescents living in different family structures. A non-experimental quantitative research design was used. By using a non-probability, convenience sampling method, a sample of 188 participants was selected from four high schools in the Mangaung area. The original version of the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status, which is based on Marcia's theory of identity status, was used to measure the construct ego identity status, while the Parental Authority Questionnaire, which is based on Baumrind's work, measured perceived parenting style. A biographical questionnaire provided information regarding participants' age, gender, ethnic group, and family structure. Data were analysed. The majority of black adolescents in the sample did not live with their biological parents and reported living in a non-nuclear family. Furthermore, considering the theories of Erikson (1968) and Marcia (1966), many participants have not yet made personal ego identity commitments, as one would expect. No statistically significant differences were reported between ego identity statuses and perceived parenting styles in nuclear and non-nuclear family structures in this sample. Finally, significant positive correlations were found between a diffused status and an authoritative parenting style, as well as between an achieved status and a permissive parenting style.
Afrikaans: Adolessensie is 'n dinamiese lewensfase waartydens die vorming van 'n identiteit geprioritiseer word. Die gesin is een van die primêre strukture wat adolessente in die bereiking van verskeie ontwikkelingstake, insluitende ego identiteitsvorming, ondersteun. Die struktuur van die gesin, sowel as ouerskapstyle, kan 'n rol in die ontwikkeling van adolessente se ego-identiteit speel. In Suid-Afrika vorm adolessente hulle identiteit in 'n voortdurend veranderende sosiale omgewing wat unieke uitdagings vir die ontwikkeling van hul identiteit skep. Daarom is die huidige studie daarop gerig om die verhouding tussen ego-identiteit-statusse en waargenome ouerskapstyle in swart adolessente in verskillende gesinstrukture te ondersoek. 'n Nie-eksperimentele, kwantitatiewe navorsingsontwerp is gebruik. 'n Steekproefgroep van 188 deelnemers is by wyse van 'n nie-waarskynlikheid, gerieflikheidsteekproefneming uit vier hoërskole in die Mangaung-gebied gekies. Die oorspronklike weergawe van die Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status, wat op Marcia se teorie van identiteit status gebaseer is, is gebruik om die konstruk ego-identiteit status te meet, terwyl die Parental Authority Questionnaire, wat op Baumrind se werk gebaseer is, gebruik is om waargenome ouerskapstyle te meet. 'n Biografiese vraelys het inligting oor die deelnemers se ouderdom, geslag, etniese groep en familie strukture verskaf. Data is daarna geanaliseer. Die meerderheid van die swart adolessente in die steekproef woon nie saam met hul biologiese ouers nie en het die nie-kerngesinstruktuur aangedui. Verder het baie deelnemers nog nie persoonlike ego-identiteit-verbintenisse gemaak soos wat volgens die teorieë van Erikson (1968) en Marcia (1966) verwag is nie. Geen statisties beduidende verskille is tussen ego-identiteit-statusse en waargenome ouerskapstyle in die kern- en nie-kerngesinstrukture in hierdie studie waargeneem nie. Laastens is beduidende positiewe korrelasies gevind tussen die diffusie status en die gesaghebbende ouerskapstyl, sowel as tussen die bereikte status en die permissiewe ouerskapstyl.
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Keywords
Ego identity status, Perceived parenting style, Family structure,, Black adolescents, Adolescence, South Africa, Teenagers, Black, Dissertation (M.Soc.Sc. (Psychology))--University of the Free State, 2015, Ego (Psychology)
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