The development of a competency model for commercial grain farmers

Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Date
2021
Authors
Moloi, Thapelo Jacob
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of the Free State
Abstract in other languages ๐˜š๐˜ค๐˜ณ๐˜ฐ๐˜ญ๐˜ญ ๐˜ฅ๐˜ฐ๐˜ธ๐˜ฏ ๐˜ง๐˜ฐ๐˜ณ ๐˜ˆ๐˜ง๐˜ณ๐˜ช๐˜ฌ๐˜ข๐˜ข๐˜ฏ๐˜ด, ๐˜š๐˜ฆ๐˜š๐˜ฐ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ฐ ๐˜ข๐˜ฏ๐˜ฅ ๐˜๐˜ด๐˜ช๐˜ก๐˜ถ๐˜ญ๐˜ถ
Abstract
๐‘ฌ๐’๐’ˆ๐’๐’Š๐’”๐’‰ The National Planning Commission-Vision 2030 (2012) purported that agriculture can create close to 1 million new jobs by 2030, a significant contribution to the overall employment target. This is the primary economic activity in rural areas. Therefore, to achieve this, South Africa needs to pick and support commercial agriculture sectors and regions with the highest potential for growth and employment. McElwee (2008, p. 466) stated that โ€œFarmers are a rich resource for study in the area of entrepreneurial capabilityโ€. Since crop farming is one of the vehicles in the agriculture sector, particularly using grain farming to achieve the abovementioned number of jobs, a study exploring the competencies that potential grain farmers should possess was necessary. This study aimed to develop a competency model for commercial grain farmers in South Africa using a classic grounded theory method. In future, this would be used as a starting point to construct instruments to enable stakeholders to identify, train, develop and mentor future prospective grain farmers to fulfil the role of creating several jobs. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data from 15 participants: 13 were involved in a mixed type of agriculture, one was involved in livestock farming, and one was a professional advisor. Triangulation was also used to validate competencies raised in the first phase of data gathering and confirmed in the second phase by three experts who never took part in the first phase of the study. The constant comparison method was used to analyse available data and helped generate a competency model for commercial grain farmers. The model generated by the empirical data established the following five themes: 1) definition of commercial grain farming, which involves scale of operation, independence, own or rented land and turnover; 2) methods to acquire grain farming competencies such as educational institutions, on-the-job-training, early childhood exposure to farming, openness to guidance and refresher workshops; 3) the role of grain farming in agriculture includes food security, job creation, economic growth and wealth or income generation; 4) indicators of success in grain farming, which includes financial stability, having farming implements, being able to help others and having proper output per unit area; and several other competencies (skills, knowledge and personality attributes) expected from a commercial grain farmer. These competencies serve as practical application of the findings. They provide the basis for what trainers, mentors, agriculture advisors and all other stakeholders would be looking for to equip those interested in grain farming. The competencies will further provide the basis for farmers to draft job descriptions and specifications for the workforce. Implications and recommendations for this study are also made, including a brief discussion of the limitations of the study. ___________________________________________________________________
๐‘จ๐’‡๐’“๐’Š๐’Œ๐’‚๐’‚๐’๐’” Die Nasionale Beplanningskommissie se Visie 2030 (2012) het beweer dat landbou teen 2030 byna โ€™n miljoen nuwe werkgeleenthede kan skep, โ€™n beduidende bydrae tot die algehele indiensnemingsteiken. Dit is die primรชre ekonomiese aktiwiteit in landelike gebiede. Daarom, om dit te bereik, moet Suid-Afrika kommersiรซle landbousektore en -streke kies en ondersteun met die hoogste potensiaal vir groei en indiensneming. McElwee (2008, p. 466) stel dit dat "Boere 'n ryk hulpbron is vir studie op die gebied van entrepreneuriese vermoรซ". Aangesien saaiboerdery een van die voertuie in die landbousektor is, veral die gebruik van graanboerdery om bogenoemde aantal werksgeleenthede te bereik, was 'n studie nodig om die bevoegdhede te ondersoek waaroor potensiรซle graanboere behoort te beskik. Hierdie studie het ten doel gehad om 'n bevoegdheidsmodel vir kommersiรซle graanboere in Suid-Afrika te ontwikkel deur gebruik te maak van 'n klassieke grondteorie-metode. Dit sal in die toekoms as 'n beginpunt gebruik word om instrumente te konstrueer om belanghebbendes in staat te stel om toekomstige voornemende graanboere te identifiseer, op te lei, te ontwikkel en te mentor om die rol te vervul om verskeie werksgeleenthede te skep. Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is gebruik om data van 15 deelnemers in te samel: 13 was betrokke by 'n gemengde tipe landbou, een was betrokke by veeboerdery en een was 'n professionele adviseur. Triangulasie is ook gebruik om bevoegdhede te valideer wat in die eerste fase van data-insameling geopper is en in die tweede fase bevestig is deur drie kundiges wat nooit aan die eerste fase van die studie deelgeneem het nie. Die konstante vergelykingsmetode is gebruik om beskikbare data te ontleed en het gehelp om 'n bevoegdheidsmodel vir kommersiรซle graanboere te genereer. Die model wat deur die empiriese data gegenereer is, het die volgende vyf temas daargestel: 1) definisie van kommersiรซle graanboerdery, wat bedryfskaal, onafhanklikheid, eie of gehuurde grond en omset behels; 2) metodes om graanboerderybevoegdhede te bekom soos opvoedkundige instellings, indiensopleiding, blootstelling aan boerdery tydens vroeรซ kinderjare , ontvanklikheid vir leiding en opknappingswerksessies; 3) die rol van graanboerdery in die landbou sluit voedselsekerheid, werkskepping, ekonomiese groei en welvaart of inkomste generering in; 4) aanwysers van sukses in graanboerdery, wat finansiรซle stabiliteit insluit, behels boerdery-implemente, om ander te kan help en behoorlike uitset per eenheidsoppervlakte te hรช; en verskeie ander bevoegdhede (vaardighede, kennis en persoonlikheidseienskappe) wat van 'n kommersiรซle graanboer verwag word. Hierdie bevoegdhede dien as praktiese toepassing van die bevindinge. Dit verskaf die basis waarna opleiers, mentors, landbou-adviseurs en alle ander belanghebbendes sou soek om diegene wat in graanboerdery belangstel, toe te rus. Die bevoegdhede sal verder die basis bied vir boere om posbeskrywings en spesifikasies vir die arbeidsmag op te stel. Implikasies en aanbevelings vir hierdie studie word ook gemaak, insluitend 'n kort bespreking van die beperkings van die studie. Hulle verskaf die basis waarna opleiers, vii-mentors, landbou-adviseurs en alle ander belanghebbendes sou soek om diegene wat in graanboerdery belangstel, toe te rus. Die bevoegdhede sal verder die basis bied vir boere om posbeskrywings en spesifikasies vir die arbeidsmag op te stel. Implikasies en aanbevelings vir hierdie studie word ook gemaak, insluitend 'n kort bespreking van die beperkings van die studie. Hulle verskaf die basis waarna opleiers, vii-mentors, landbou-adviseurs en alle ander belanghebbendes sou soek om diegene wat in graanboerdery belangstel, toe te rus. Die bevoegdhede sal verder die basis bied vir boere om posbeskrywings en spesifikasies vir die arbeidsmag op te stel. Implikasies en aanbevelings vir hierdie studie word ook gemaak, insluitend 'n kort bespreking van die beperkings van die studie. ___________________________________________________________________
๐‘บ๐’†๐‘บ๐’๐’•๐’‰๐’ Ponelopele ya Khomishene ya Moralo wa Naha wa 2030 (2012) o bontshitse ka nnete hore temo e ka hlahisa mesebetsi e metjha e melione e le nngwe ka selemo sa 2030, e lekaneng ho kenya letsoho kakaretsong ya tlhahiso ya mesebetsi e labalabelwang. Ke mosebetsi wa pele o nyollang moruo dibakeng tse ka ntle ho diteropo (moo setjhaba le meaho e fokolang), ka hoo ho fihlela sepheo sena, Afrika Borwa e hloka ho nkela hloohong le ho tshehetsa bohlahisi ba kgwebo ya temo mafapheng le dibakeng ka mokgwa o hodimodimo ho hodisa le ho hlahisa mesebetsi. McElwee (2008, leqephe 466) o re โ€œDihwai ke tshiya ya bohlokwa sebakeng sa boithuto ba kgwebo e matla.โ€ Erekaha temo ya dijo e le yona tshiya lefapheng la temo, haholoholo ho hlahisa dijothollo, ho fihlela tlhahiso ya mesebetsi e boletsweng kahodimo, boithuto bona bo sibollang makgabane a lokelang ho bokellwa ke dihwai bo bohlokwa. Sepheo sa diphuputso tsena ke ho hlahisa lewa la pokello ya makgabane a lokelang ho bokella ao dihwai tsa dijothollo Afrika Borwa ka tshebediso ya mokgwa wa teori ya โ€œgroundedโ€. Kamoso, sena se ka sebediswa ho qala ho etsa disebediswa tse tla thusa ba nang le kobo ya bohadi ho utlwisisa, ho kwetlisa, ho hlahisa le ho hlokomela bokamoso ba dihwai tsa dijothollo ho fihlela sepheo sa tsona sa ho hlahisa mesebetsi ka bongata. Dipotso tse sekgeqe tsa diphuputso di sebedisitswe ho bokella ditaba ho bafuputsuwa ba leshome le metso e mehlano. Hara bona ba leshome le metso e meraro ba sebetsana le mefuta e fapaneng ya bohwai, a le mong o shebane le leruo la diphoofolo, ha a le mong e le mosupisi wa setsebihadi. Kgutlotharo e sebedisitswe le hona ho nnetefatsa makgabane a lokelang ho bokellwa a hlahisitsweng mokgahlelong wa pele wa ho bokella ditaba le ho nnetefatsa hore mokgahlelong wa bobedi ka disebediswa tse tharo ho ba neng ba sa nka karolo mokgahlelong wa pele wa boithuto bona. Mokgwa o tsitsitseng wa ho bapisa o sebedisitswe ho qhaqholla ditaba tse bokelletsweng mme wa thusa ho etsa lewa la makgabane a lokelang ho bokellwa bakeng sa bahwebi dihwai tsa dijothollo. Mokgwa ona o entswe ka ditaba tse sebetsang tse hlahisitseng meokotaba e mehlano e latelang: 1) ditlhaloso tsa bahwebi, dihwai tsa dijothollo, tse kenyeletsang le sekala sa bohlahisi, boikemelo, lefatshe la motho kapa leo a le hirileng le bohlahisi ka nako e itseng; 2) mekgwa ya ho fumanela dihwai tsa dijothollo makgabane a hlokehang jwaloka ditsi tsa thuto, kwetliso mosebetsing, tlhahisoleseding ya bana ho dihwai, ho dumella ho tataisa le dikwetliso tsa nako e kgutshwanyane; 3) karolo ya dihwai tsa dijothollo temong tse kenyeletsang paballo, tlhahiso ya mesebetsi, kgodiso ya moruo le borui kapa ho kenya tjhelete; 4) matshwao a katleho ho dihwai tsa dijothollo, a kenyeletsang botsitso ba ditjhelete, ho sebedisa bohwai, ho tseba ho thusa ba bang le ho ba le tlhahiso e nepahetseng sebakeng ka seng le makgabane a mang a hlokang ho bokellwa (bokgoni, tsebo le ho ba le botho) tse lebeletsweng ho bopa bohwebi bohwai ba dijothollo. Makgabane ana a lokelang ho bokellwa a sebetsa e le sesebediswa se tshwarehang sa ditshibollo. A fana ka motheo o ba kwetlisang, wa ba tataisang, baeletsi ba temo le bohle ba nang le kobo ya bohadi ba ba sheba ho thusa ho hlahlella ba nang le thahasello bohwaing ba dijothollo. Makgabane a lokelang ho bokellwa a tla tswela pele ho thusa ka motheo sebakeng sa dihwai ho qala ho hlalosa ka botebo tse hlokehang mosebetsing. Tshebediso le dikgothaletso tsa diphuputso tsena le tsona di entswe, ho kenyeletswa le ditlhaloso tse kgutshwanyane tsa bofokodi ba diphuputso tsena. ___________________________________________________________________
๐‘ฐ๐’”๐’Š๐’๐’–๐’๐’– IKhomishana Kazwelonke Yokuhlela-Umbono wezi-2030 (2012) yathi ezolimo zingadala amathuba emisebenzi emisha eyela esigidini ngonyaka wezi-2030, okunegalelo elikhulu ezingeni lokuqashwa kwabantu elihlosiwe. Lona umsebenzi wokuqala wezomnotho ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu, iNingizimu Afrikha idinga ukukhetha futhi yeseke imikhakha yezolimo ethengisayo kanye nezifunda ezinamathuba amakhulu okukhula nokuqashwa. UMcElwee (2008: 466) wathi โ€œAbalimi bayinsiza ecebile yokufunda endaweni yamakhono ebhizinisiโ€. Njengoba ukulima kwezitshalo kungenye yezindlela emkhakheni wezolimo, ikakhulukazi ukusebenzisa ukulima okusanhlamvu ukuze kuzuzwe inani lemisebenzi eshiwo ngenhla, ucwaningo oluhlola amakhono okufanele abalimi abangatshala bahwebe okusanhlamvu babe nawo beludingeka. Lolu cwaningo luhlose ukwakha imodeli yokuhlola ikhono kubalimi abathengisa okusanhlamvu eNingizimu Afrikha kusetshenziswa injulalwazi eyivuso. Ngokuzayo, lokhu kuzosetshenziswa njengesiqalo sokwakha amathuluzi okwenza ababambiqhaza bakwazi ukuhlonza, ukuqeqesha, ukuthuthukisa kanye nokweluleka abazoba abalimi bokusanhlamvu besikhathi esizayo ukuze bafeze indima yokudala imisebenzi eminingana. Kusetshenziswe izingxoxo ezivulelekile ukuze kuqoqwe ulwazi kubahlanganyeli abayi-15: abangu-13 babezibandakanye ohlotsheni oluxubile lwezolimo, oyedwa efuyile, omunye engumeluleki oqeqeshiwe. Kusetshenziswe imithombo eminingi ukuze kuqinisekiswe amakhono aphakanyiswe esigabeni sokuqala sokuqoqwa kolwazi futhi kwaqinisekiswa esigabeni sesibili ngochwepheshe abathathu abangazange babambe iqhaza esigabeni sokuqala socwaningo. Indlela yokuqhathanisa eqhubekayo yasetshenziswa ukuze kuhlaziywe ulwazi olutholakalayo futhi yasiza ekukhiqizeni indlela yamakhono kubalimi bokusanhlamvu okuthengisayo. Indlela ekhiqizwe ulwazi lobufakazi isungule lezi zihloko ezinhlanu ezilandelayo: 1) incazelo yokulima okusanhlamvu okudayiswayo, okubandakanya isilinganiso sokusebenza, ukuzimela, umhlaba ongowakho noma oqashiwe kanye nenzuzo; 2) izindlela zokuthola amakhono okulima okusanhlamvu njengezikhungo zemfundo, ukuqeqeshwa emsebenzini, ukuchayeka ekulimeni ezingeni lokufufusa, ukuvuleleka ekuqondisweni kanye nezinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi zokuvuselela; 3) indima yokulima okusanhlamvu kwezolimo ihlanganisa ukuba khona kokudla okwanele, ukwakhiwa kwamathuba emisebenzi, ukukhula komnotho kanye nengcebo noma ukungenisa imali; 4) izinkomba zempumelelo ekulimeni okusanhlamvu, okuhlanganisa ukuba khona kwemali ngokwanele, ukuba nezinsiza zokulima, ukwazi ukusiza abanye nokuba nomkhiqizo ofanele endaweni ngayinye; kanye namanye amakhono ambalwa (amakhono, ulwazi kanye nezici zobuntu) alindeleke kumlimi othengisa okusanhlamvu. Lawa makhono asebenza njengendlela ephathekayo yokutholakele. Anikeza isisekelo salokho abaqeqeshi, abeluleki, abaluleki bezolimo kanye nabo bonke abanye ababambiqhaza abangayifuna ukuze bahlomise labo abathanda ukulima okusanhlamvu. Lamakhono azophinde anikeze isisekelo sokuthi abalimi babhale izincazelo zemisebenzi kanye nemininingwane yemisebenzi. Imithelela nezincomo zalolu cwaningo nazo zenziwe, okuhlanganisa nengxoxo emfushane yemikhawulo yocwaningo. ___________________________________________________________________
Description
Thesis (Ph.D.(Industrial Psychology))--University of the Free State, 2021
Keywords
Commercial agriculture sectors, Crop farming, Commercial grain farmers in South Africa, Farmers, National Planning Commission-Vision
Citation