Investigating the potential antiproliferative effect of ๐๐ฐ๐ณ๐ช๐ฏ๐จ๐ข ๐ฐ๐ญ๐ฆ๐ช๐ง๐ฆ๐ณ๐ข aqueous leaf extract in MCF-7 breast cancer cells
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Date
2023
Authors
Moremane, Malebogo M.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of the Free State
Abstract
๐๐ฎ๐ฐ๐ธ๐ด๐ฟ๐ผ๐๐ป๐ฑ: Breast cancer is associated with elevated mortality and morbidity rates in women across the world. Current chemotherapeutic drugs such as Doxorubicin (Dox) display contra-indications, thus expressing the need for alternative treatment methods. Therefore, to reduce the cancer burden, the studyโs objective was to investigate whether an aqueous leaf extract of ๐๐ฐ๐ณ๐ช๐ฏ๐จ๐ข ๐ฐ๐ญ๐ฆ๐ช๐ง๐ฆ๐ณ๐ข (MO), a medicinal tree native to India and indigenous to Africa, possesses antiproliferative potential against MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ต๐ผ๐ฑ๐ผ๐น๐ผ๐ด๐: In order to suppress cell growth, MCF-7 cells were treated with MO (2600 ฮผg/ml) for 72 hours. Cells were also co-exposed with Dox (0.978 ฮผM), modelled as a positive control. The unexposed cells served as the control. Biochemical analysis was conducted after 72 hours (MTT, GSH, DCFH-DA, ATP, Caspase 3/7, 8/9, qPCR and western blot assays) to assess the efficacy of MO and Dox.
๐ฅ๐ฒ๐๐๐น๐๐: ๐๐ฐ๐ณ๐ช๐ฏ๐จ๐ข ๐ฐ๐ญ๐ฆ๐ช๐ง๐ฆ๐ณ๐ข aqueous leaf extract significantly reduced the proliferation of breast cancer cells by inducing oxidative stress through increasing ROS whilst decreasing glutathione content and Nrf2 protein expression. Additionally, MO induced apoptosis by increasing caspases -3/7, -8, -9, metabolic activity and upregulating p53. Similar results were observed in Dox-exposed cells. Furthermore, cell death due to MO was activated with downregulation of Bcl-2, PARP-1 and Bax. Dox decreased the growth of breast cancer cells by increasing ROS. In contrast, Dox induced chemoresistance through increased GSH content and downregulated apoptotic protein Bax and p53 gene. However, the MO + Dox combination induced antiproliferative potential similarly to MO, suggesting a possible synergistic effect.
๐๐ผ๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป: MO aqueous leaf extract displayed antiproliferative potential by inducing apoptosis and oxidative damage to the MCF-7 breast cancer cells
Description
Dissertation (M.Med.Sc.(Physiology))--University of the Free State, 2023
Keywords
Apoptosis, breast cancer, oxidative stress, antiproliferative, ๐๐ฐ๐ณ๐ช๐ฏ๐จ๐ข ๐ฐ๐ญ๐ฆ๐ช๐ง๐ฆ๐ณ๐ข