Die verband tussen hoop en psigologiese welstand by adolessente

English: The primary goal of this research was to investigate the relationship between hope and psychological well-being in adolescents. The construct "hope" was theoretically explored and a model of hope, as well a process of hope was developed. Hope is described as a mood, which contains a conative function in order to accomplish the execution of goals. Hope was, for the purpose of this research, placed within the phenomenological existensial framework. The nature of hope of the adolescent was also investigated. Psychological well-being was explored as it can be found within the science of psychofortology. Psychological well-being is defined as a position on the positive side of a continuum, which can be reached after a dynamic process of resilience, has. been completed. The constructs sense of coherence, satisfaction with life and fortitude was used to determine psychological well-being. Adolescence is theoretically described as an important developmental stage. Specific attention was paid to the role of hope in the extension of psychological well being of the adolescent within the South African context. Cluster sampling was used in the empirical research to identify 6 schools in the Eastern Cape and 5 schools in Gauteng. The entire Grade 12-learners of these specific schools was asked to complete the questionnaires. The research sample consisted of 1238 adolescents. Psychological well-being was determined in this research by the use of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larson & Griffen, 1985), Fortitude Questionnaire (Pretorius, 1977) and The Sense of Coherence Scale (Antonovsky, 1987). The level of hope was determined by the Hopescale of Snyder et al. (1991 a) while the nature of hope was determined by a questionnaire which the researcher has developed, as well as an open ended question. The statistical significance of the questionnaire, which was developed for this research, was determined. All the questionnaires and scales, which were used in this research, obtained good indexes of reliability. The levels of hope of the adolescent was determined on 6 subscales of hope, namely: social, choice of career, economy, extended family and significant others, hope: pathways and hope: agency. From these components, the highest hope was placed on economy, extended family and significant others, as well as hope: agency. From the results was deducted that the motivational levels (agency) of the adolescents was higher than their strategies (pathways). The results of the open-ended question showed the following as aspects on which hope was placed: social relationships/intimacy, academic performance and acknowledgement of a deity. It was found that it was the set of components of hope, which contributed the greatest to the explanation of variance of the different components (sense of coherence, satisfaction with life, fortitude) of psychological well being, and not the biological set of variables. It was significant that hope: pathways made a statistical significant contribution to the explanation of variance of all three of the factors of psychological well-being. The component "social" contributed significantly to the explanation of variance of fortitude and sense of coherence. Extended family and significant others contributed significantly to the explanation of variance of fortitude. Recommendations for further research were made from the results of the research. It appeared as if the model, which indicates the process of hope, could be used successfully in the extension of psychological well being of adolescents.