Challenges in mainstreaming learners with visual impairment in Botswana secondary schools

Abstract

This research explores the challenges experienced by learners with visual impairment in Botswana mainstream schools. Data was collected from learners with visual impairment and their teachers in Molefhi Senior Secondary School in Botswana. A qualitative research methodology was employed to interpret data from interviews and questionnaires. Participants were selected using purposive sampling procedures. The literature study investigated key literature themes including the developmental difficulties caused by visual impairment; international and national declarations that led to inclusive education in Botswana; challenges in implementing inclusive education policies and how the Strength Based Approach can help learners with visual impairment to be resilient and thrive in mainstream schools despite their impairment. The key findings of the research were that the learners with visual impairment are faced with various difficulties and needs but with support and focus on personal strengths these setbacks could be successfully dealt with. It was also found that, despite the challenges, the learners prefer to be in mainstream schools. The research emphasized the need for modifications and adaptations of the entire curriculum and the provision of resources. The need for trained teachers is also viewed as essential.