Economic analysis of intensive sheep production systems in central South Africa
| dc.contributor.advisor | Taljaard, P. R. | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Willemse, B. J. | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Malan, P. J. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Landman, Abraham Marthinus | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2015-08-17T12:35:38Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2015-08-17T12:35:38Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2013-01 | |
| dc.description.abstract | English: Small stock production has a few challenges in predation, stock theft, variable rainfall patterns and rising production costs but livestock production is a very important industry in South Africa. There is a growing interest in intensive sheep production systems using irrigated pastures. Wool prices and reasonable meat prices encourage sheep production, especially woolled sheep farming. In this study the profitability and efficiency of different sheep production systems are evaluated and discussed. Simulation models are widely used to simulate farming scenarios because data collection, such as reproductive responses can take long. The Agri Benchmark methodology with the TIPI-CAL simulation model were applied by constructing a typical farm for four different sheep production systems, namely extensive sheep production: rangeland only, semi-extensive sheep production: rangeland supported by irrigated pastures and two intensive sheep production system using irrigated pastures and silage respectively for production. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the profitability and efficiency of two intensive sheep production system compared to two extensive systems. The aim was also to identify the critical management issues of intensive sheep production systems. Each system was evaluated in terms of its economic situation on a whole farm level. That includes the total income and profit margins of the system expressed as total mutton production per ewe. Market returns and the total live weight sold per ewe were the highest in the irrigated pasture system. Ewe productivity was the highest on the irrigated pastures and the silage system the most effective with the highest lamb growth rates. The cost of producing a lamb in the silage system is R500.50 per lamb. The non-factor costs (feed purchased, seed, and fertiliser) are the greatest contributor to total costs. The capital-, land- and labour costs were in percentage the highest in the extensive systems. Labour costs are high, with the silage system showing the highest labour productivity levels given per kilogram mutton sold per hour of labour input. Wool returns/income is almost the same percentage for all the systems. All four the sheep production systems are profitable over the long term with a positive profit margin. Total returns on capital invested, measuring the efficiency of the sheep production showed, that despite high costs and capital requirements, as with the silage system, it is the second highest in terms of the returns on capital invested. Management is the key word to the successes of any sheep production system and includes critical management issues in terms of fodder planning (pasture management), health management and control of effective feeding. The generated information can be used in future research as part of the national and international Agri Benchmark project. Different irrigated pastures and breakeven stocking rates for these pastures can be researched. The effects of policy changes can also be simulated. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | Afrikaans: Kleinvee produksie het ‘n paar uitdagings in predasie, veediefstal, veranderde reënvalpatrone en stygende produksiekoste, maar die produksie van lewende haweis ‘n baie belangrike bedryf in Suid-Afrika. Daar is ‘n groeiende belangstelling in die intensiewe skaapproduksie stelsels met behulp van besproeide weidings. Wolpryse en redelike vleispryse moedig skaapproduksie aan, veral wolskaapboerdery. In hierdie studie word die winsgewendheid en doeltreffendheid van verskillende skaapproduksie stelsels geëvalueer en bespreek. Simulasiemodelle word wyd gebruik om boerdery scenario's te simuleer omdat data-insameling soos reproduksie data lank kan neem. Die Agri Benchmark metodologie met die TIPI-CAL simulasie model is gebaseer op die bou van 'n tipiese plaas vir vier verskillende skaap produksie stelsels, naamlik ekstensiewe skaapproduksie: slegs weiveld, semi-ekstensiewe kleinvee produksie: weiveld ondersteun deur besproeide weiding en twee intensiewe skaapproduksie stelsels nl. besproeide weiding en kuilvoer. Die primêre doel van hierdie studie was om die winsgewendheid en doeltreffendheid van die twee intensiewe skaapproduksie stelsels te evalueer in vergelyking met die twee ekstensiewe stelsels. Die doel is ook dat hierdie studie gebruik word om die kritieke kwessies van intensiewe skaap produksie stelsels te identifiseer. Elke stelsel is geëvalueer in terme van die ekonomiese situasie van elke stelsel op 'n geheelplaas. Dit sluit onder andere die totale inkomste en wins marges van die stelsel met die totale skaapvleisproduksie per ooi in. Mark-opbrengste en die totale lewende gewig per ooi verkoop was die hoogste in die besproeide weiding stelsel. Ooi produktiwiteit was die hoogste op die besproeide weiding en die kuilvoer was die mees effektiefste met die hoogste groeitempo van lammers. Die koste om een lam in die kuilvoer stelsel te produseer is R500.50. Die nie-faktor koste (voer gekoop, saad en kunsmis) is persentasiegewys die grootste bydraer tot die totale koste. Die kapitaal, grond- en arbeidskoste is die hoogste in die ekstensiewe stelsels persentasiegewys. Arbeidskoste is hoog, met die kuilvoer met die hoogste vlakke van produktiwiteit vir arbeid per kilogram skaapvleis verkoop per uur arbeidsinset. Wol omset / inkomste is byna dieselfde persentasie samestelling vir al die stelsels. Al vier die skaapproduksie stelsels is oor die lang termyn winsgewend met 'n positiewe wins marge. Totale opbrengs op kapitaal geinvesteer is die meting van die doeltreffendheid van skaapproduksie. Dit het getoon dat ten spyte van die hoë kostes en kapitale vereistes van die kuilvoer stelsel, dit die tweede hoogste is in terme van opbrengs op kapitaal belê. Bestuur bly die sleutel woord tot die sukses van enige skaapproduksie stelsel en die kritieke kwessies is voervloei beplanning (weidingsbestuur), gesondheidsbestuur en beheer van effektiewe voeding. Die inligting kan gebruik word in toekomstige navorsing as deel van die nasionale en internasionale Agri Benchmark projek. Verskillende besproeide weidings en gelykbreek veeladings op hierdie besproeide weidings kan nagevors word. Die effekte van beleids veranderings kan gesimuleerd word. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11660/890 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher | University of the Free State | en_ZA |
| dc.rights.holder | University of the Free State | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Sheep -- South Africa | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Sheep -- Productivity -- South Africa | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Sheep -- Economic aspects -- South Africa | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Dissertation (M.Sc. Agric. (Agricultural Economics))--University of the Free State, 2013 | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Pastures -- Irrigation | en_ZA |
| dc.title | Economic analysis of intensive sheep production systems in central South Africa | en_ZA |
| dc.type | Dissertation | en_ZA |