Wood-polymer composites utilizing degraded polyolefins as compatabilizers

dc.contributor.advisorLuyt, A. S.
dc.contributor.advisorVan Reenen, A. J.
dc.contributor.authorNdlovu, Sibusiso Sibongiseni
dc.date.accessioned2015-09-10T07:29:09Z
dc.date.available2015-09-10T07:29:09Z
dc.date.copyright2011-12
dc.date.issued2011-12
dc.date.submitted2011-12
dc.description.abstractEnglish: The effect of degraded LDPE (dLDPE) as compatibilizer on the morphology, as well as thermal, mechanical, and thermo-mechanical properties, of LDPE/wood flour (WF) composites was investigated in this study. The composites were prepared through melt mixing in a Brabender Plastograph internal mixer, while the LDPE was thermally degraded in an air oven at 80 oC for different periods of time. The formation of functional groups on the polyethylene chains during the degradation enables the dLDPE to be used as a compatibilizer. Composites with different amounts of WF, compatibilized with dLDPEs having different carbonyl indices, were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), as well as tensile, impact and hardness testing. Addition of dLDPE as compatibilizer generally enhanced the mechanical properties of the composites. The SEM images show smooth surfaces with fewer voids and fibre pullout for the dLDPE modified composites. The FTIR results show an increase in carbonyl index up to 7 weeks degradation, and the GPC results show that the molecular weight decreased significantly with increasing degradation time. The DSC results show that the presence of WF particles, and increasing filler loading, had very little influence on the melting and crystallization behaviour of the untreated LDPE/WF composites. However, in the dLDPE treated composites a nucleating effect of the fibres gave rise to increased LDPE melting and crystallization enthalpies. There was no significant improvement in the thermal stability of the dLDPE treated composites. The DMA results show that the presence of dLDPE (especially the 7 weeks dLDPE with a carbonyl index of 0.90) observably influenced the viscoelastic properties of the composites. In summary, it was found that the higher carbonyl index dLDPEs are more efficient compatibilizers in LDPE/WF composites, despite their significantly reduced molecular weights.en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Research Foundation (NRF)en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversity of the Free State (UFS)en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11660/1212
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherUniversity of the Free State (QwaQwa Campus)en_ZA
dc.rights.holderUniversity of the Free State (QwaQwa Campus)en_ZA
dc.subjectPolymersen_ZA
dc.subjectPolymers -- Mixingen_ZA
dc.subjectWood -- Chemistryen_ZA
dc.subjectComposite materialsen_ZA
dc.subjectDissertation (M.Sc. (Chemistry))--University of the Free State (Qwaqwa Campus), 2011en_ZA
dc.titleWood-polymer composites utilizing degraded polyolefins as compatabilizersen_ZA
dc.typeDissertationen_ZA
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