Influence of planting techniques and maturity group on soya bean (Glycine max L.) yield in different agro-ecologies
| dc.contributor.advisor | Ceronio, G. M. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Van Zyl, J. P. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-09-14T10:32:06Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-09-14T10:32:06Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
| dc.description.abstract | In South Africa soya beans are mainly produced in the Mpumalanga and Free State provinces, while within the Free State, production is concentrated in the North Eastern Free State. It is widely known that soya bean yield is influenced by agronomic inputs such as, maturity group, plant density, row width as well as planting date. Extensive research was done globally on these agronomic inputs. However, very little, if any research was done in South Africa, especially in the North Eastern Free State. In an attempt to evaluate the yield response to different maturity groups, plant densities, row widths and planting dates, three trials were conducted on farmer’s fields over two seasons (2016/17 and 2017/18) in the North Eastern Free State at three agro-ecologically different experimental sites. The same maturity groups (MG 4.5, MG 5 and MG 6) was planted at different plant densities, row widths and planting dates at each trial. Phenological development, plant height, pod clearance, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, hundred-seed weight and grain yield were measured. At trial 1 the three maturity groups were planted at four plant densities (200 000, 300 000, 400 000 and 500 000 plants ha-1), one row width (0.76 m) and one planting date. Maturity group had the greatest effect on phenological development, plant height, pod clearance, hundred-seed weight, and grain yield. Plant density had the greatest effect on plant height, number of pods per plant, while also affecting yield only during the 2016/17 season. At trial 2 the three maturity groups were planted at four plant densities (150 000, 200 000, 300 000 and 400 000 plants ha-1), two row widths (0.38 m and 0.76 m) and one planting date. Similar to trial 1, maturity group had the greatest effect on phenological development, plant height, pod clearance, hundred-seed weight and grain yield. Plant density had the greatest effect on plant height and number of pods per plant, while also affecting grain yield slightly during the 2017/18 season. Row width had the greatest effect on hundred-seed weight and grain yield. At trail 3 the three maturity groups were planted at four plant densities (150 000, 300 000, 400 000 and 600 000 plants ha-1), two row widths (0.30 m and 0.60 m) and at two planting dates (early/normal and late). Similar to trial 1 and 2 only, maturity group had an effect on phenological development for both planting dates. Plant height was affected by maturity group, plant density and row width at both planting dates. Plant heights for the late planting date were shorter compared to the early/normal planting date. Pod clearance was affected most by maturity group, while the effect of plant density and row width was not as profound. Between planting dates, pod clearance was slightly higher during the early/normal planting date, but this was negligible. Number of pods per plant was only affected by plant density for the early/normal planting date, while for the late planting date maturity group and row width also produced an effect. Between planting dates there were no significant difference in number of pods per plant. Hundred-seed weight was affected by both maturity group and plant density for both planting dates, while row width only had an effect during the late planting date. Hundred-seed weight was considerably higher during the early/normal planting date compared to the late planting date. Grain yield was mostly affected by maturity group during the early/normal planting date, while row width also had an effect. During the late planting date grain yield was affected by maturity group, plant density and row width. Grain yield was considerably higher during the early/normal planting date compared to the late planting date. It can therefore be concluded that maturity group and planting dates have a great effect on grain yield. The grain yield of a late planting date is considerably lower compared to early/normal planting dates. Plant density also affects grain yield, but the effect is not as profound for an early/normal planting date, while for a late planting date the effect is greater with grain yield increasing slightly with increased plant density. Grain yield is also affected by row width with narrower rows producing greater grain yields compared to wider rows. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Protein Research Foundation (PRF) | en_ZA |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Oilseeds Advisory Committee (OAC) | en_ZA |
| dc.description.sponsorship | University of the Free State (UFS) | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11660/11277 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher | University of the Free State | en_ZA |
| dc.rights.holder | University of the Free State | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Dissertation (M.Sc. (Soil, Crop and Climate Science))--University of the Free State, 2020 | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Maturity group | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Plant density | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Row width | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Planting date | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Grain yield | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Soya beans -- Farming -- South Africa | en_ZA |
| dc.title | Influence of planting techniques and maturity group on soya bean (Glycine max L.) yield in different agro-ecologies | en_ZA |
| dc.type | Dissertation | en_ZA |