Physiological demands and time-motion analysis of simulated elite karate kumite matches
| dc.contributor.advisor | Coetzee, F. F. | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Jansen van Rensburg, C. J. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Le Roux, Elsabé | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2015-07-30T09:04:17Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2015-07-30T09:04:17Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2015-01 | |
| dc.description.abstract | English: Introduction: Since competition has become the focal point of athletic training and the development of more tournament competitions on both national and international levels, the popularity of karate is ever increasing. No single performance characteristic dominates in combat sports and success requires a mixture of technique, strength, aerobic fitness, power and speed. Thus it has come to light that without proper investigation of the physiological demands imposed on an athlete during a competition situation, it would be unlikely that the athlete will develop to his or her full potential. Objectives: The objectives of this study were: - to identify the various physiological demands placed on the athlete during a simulated karate kumite competition situation; - to conduct a time-motion analysis to determine the characteristics of the karate kumite matches; - to determine the physiological demands imposed on the athlete during simulated competition with regards to the body’s energy systems, heart rate response to the fight situation, breathing rates and core temperature. Methods: For this study, twelve (n=12) elite male karate athletes were recruited from the Free State Karate High Performance Squad. Selected tests were performed, including, anthropometry, a graded maximal effort test (VO2max) and a simulated kumite competition. The competition consisted of six rounds with progressively decreasing set recovery periods in between. During the simulated competition, the heart rate, breathing rate and estimated body core temperature were recorded by the Zephyr BioHarnessTM 3 System. All of the kumite matches were video recorded and a time-motion analysis was conducted with the use of Dartfish Software 6, to determine the match characteristics. All physiological and time-motion data were then analysed separately, using a repeated measurements analysis of variance (ANOVA) model with “round” as fixed effect. This analysis excluded the data regarding the techniques scored, which was analysed by a generalized linear model with a Poisson error distribution and logarithmic link function. Results: Athletes achieved a higher HRmax during the simulated kumite matches than during the graded maximal effort test (187.5 < 190.8 bpm). There was a 55.45% aerobic and 44.55% anaerobic energy system contribution during the respective kumite matches, with an effort-to-rest ratio of ~1.5:1. A statistical significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between rounds regarding the means calculated for the mean HR during the fight (F= 7.05; P= 0.03). Fifty-two percent (52%) of all the techniques scored were attributed to upper limb techniques and 48% to the lower limbs. The same values were recorded with regard to the scoring of offensive versus defensive techniques. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between rounds with respect to the mean counts of techniques used. Conclusion: A karate kumite match can be characterized as a high-intensity activity with regards to physiological variables, where athletes are subjected to maximal cardiovascular responses. It is thus advisable that coaches remain focussed on the technical and tactical aspects of training and that conditioning specialists focus more on improving the athletes’ ability to sustain high-intensity activities during conditioning sessions. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | Afrikaans: Inleiding: Sedert kompetisies die fokuspunt van oefening geword het en die ontwikkeling van meer toernooie op beide nasionale en internasionale vlak, het die gewildheid van karate toegeneem. Geen enkele prestasie eienskap oorheers in gevegskuns sporte nie, maar sukses vereis 'n mengsel van tegniek, krag, aerobiese fiksheid, eksplosiewe krag en spoed. Dit het ook aan die lig gekom dat sonder ‘n behoorlike ondersoek van die fisiologiese vereistes wat aan 'n atleet tydens 'n kompetisie situasie gestel word, dit onwaarskynlik sou wees om die atleet te ontwikkel tot sy of haar volle potensiaal. Doel: Die doel van hierdie studie was om: - die verskillende fisiologiese eise wat tydens 'n gesimuleerde karate kumite kompetisie situasie op die atleet geplaas word, te identifiseer; - 'n tyds-bewegings analiese te doen om die eienskappe van die karate kumite gevegte te bepaal; - die fisiologiese vereistes wat aan die atleet gestel word tydens gesimuleerde kompetisie te bepaal met betrekking tot die liggaam se energie-stelsels, hartklop reaksie op die geveg situasie, asemhalingstempo en geraamde liggaamskerntemperatuur. Metode: Vir hierdie studie is twaalf (n = 12) elite manlike karate atlete gewerf uit die Vrystaat Karate Hoë Prestasie Groep. Verskeie toetse is uitgevoer, insluitend, antropometrie, 'n gegradeerde maksimale inspanning toets (VO2maks) en 'n gesimuleerde kumite kompetisie. Die kompetisie het bestaan uit ses rondtes met vasgestelde progressiewe verminderde herstel periodes tussen elke rondte. Gedurende die gesimuleerde kompetisie is die hartklop, asemhaling en beraamde liggaamskerntemperatuur deur die Zephyr BioHarnessTM 3 Sisteem gemoniteer. Al die kumite gevegte is per video opgeneem en 'n tyds-bewegings analise is uitgevoer met behulp van die Dartfish 6 sagteware sisteem, om die gevegs-eienskappe te bepaal. Alle fisiologiese en tyds-beweging data is afsonderlik ontleed met behulp van 'n herhaalde metings analise van variansie (ANOVA) model met "rondte" as vaste effek, met die uitsondering van die data ten opsigte van die gebruikte tegnieke wat deur 'n veralgemeende lineêre model met 'n Poisson fout verspreiding en logaritmiese skakel funksie ontleed is. Resultate: Atlete het 'n hoër maksimale harttempo tydens die gesimuleerde kumite gevegte as gedurende die gegradeerde maksimale inspanning toets (187.5<190.8 bpm) bereik. Daar was 'n 55,45% aerobiese en 44,55% anaërobiese energiesisteem bydrae tydens die onderskeie kumite gevegte, met 'n inspannings tot rus verhouding van ~ 1.5:1. ‘n Statistiese beduidende verskil (P < 0.05) is gevind oor die gemiddeld tussen rondtes bereken vir die gemiddelde harttempo tydens die geveg (F = 7.05; P = 0.03). Twee en vyftig persent (52%) van al die tegnieke aangeteken is toegeskryf aan handtegnieke en 48% aan tegnieke soos skoppe en balansbrekings. Dieselfde waardes is aangeteken met betrekking tot aanvallende teenoor verdedigende tegnieke. Oor die algemeen, was daar geen beduidende verskille (P > 0.05) tussen rondtes met betrekking tot die gemiddelde aantal tegnieke gebruik tydens die gevegte nie. Samevatting: Kenmerkend is ‘n Karate kumite geveg 'n hoë-intensiteit aktiwiteit met betrekking tot die fisiologiese veranderlikes, waar atlete onderhewig is aan maksimum kardiovaskulêre reaksies. Dit is dus raadsaam dat afrigters gefokus bly op die tegniese en taktiese aspekte van oefening en dat kondisionering spesialiste meer fokus op die verbetering van die atlete se vermoë om hoë-intensiteit aktiwiteite tydens kondisionering sessies te onderhou. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11660/759 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher | University of the Free State | en_ZA |
| dc.rights.holder | University of the Free State | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Time-motion analysis | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Karate kumite matches | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Physiological demands of karate | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Elite karate athletes | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Time study | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Motion study | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Physical fitness | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Karate | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Athletic ability | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Dissertation (M.A. (Human Movement Science))--University of the Free State, 2015 | en_ZA |
| dc.title | Physiological demands and time-motion analysis of simulated elite karate kumite matches | en_ZA |
| dc.type | Dissertation | en_ZA |