Effect of spray volume, water quality, adjuvants and ammonium salts on sethoxydim activity
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Date
1998
Authors
Chiconela, Tomás Fernando
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of the Free State
Abstract
The effects of spray carrier, pH, adjuvants and ammonium salts, environmental factors,
and spray volume on sethoxydim {2-[ 1-ethoxyirnino-butyl]-5-[2-( etylthio )propyl]-3-
hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one} activity in a glasshouse on tomato (Lycopersicum
esculentum L cv. Star 9001) and oats (Avena sativa L cv. SSH 241) were studied.
Sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate and spray solution pH were antagonistic to
sethoxydim phytotoxicity. Spray solution pH and ions present were antagonistic to
sethoxydim phytotoxicity only when the spray carrier pH exceeded 6.5.
Sadol and ammonium salts (ammonium nitrate and ammoruum sulfate) were equally
effective in enhancing sethoxydim activity regardless of the presence of antagonistic salts.
Bladbuff 5 was moderately effective in the enhancement of sethoxydim phytotoxicity only
when sethoxydim was applied at 186.0 g ai.ha¹ and not at 139.5. Addition of Agral 90
and Break- Thru were not beneficial, or were both of little value as adjuvants with
sethoxydim.
Sethoxydim applications at temperatures ranging between 25 and 35°C were equally more
effective as compared to 15°C. However, Sadol, Break- Thru and ammonium salts were
most effective in enhancing sethoxydim performance at 25°C than at 15 or 35°C.
When averaged across sethoxydim rates and the presence of sodium bicarbonate and in
potassium carbonate in the spray solution, oat fresh top mass reduction increased as
carrier volume was decreased from 875 to 175 l.ha¹.
In all the experiments conducted, tomato plants did not show any injury to negative
growth suggesting that sethoxydim may be considered for control of grass weeds in
tomatoes.
Description
Keywords
Herbicides -- Environmental aspects, Tomatoes -- Weed control, Dissertation (M.Sc.Agric.(Agronomy))--University of the Free State, 1998