Improving learner support at the Institute of extra-mural studies of the National University of Lesotho

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Date
2012-06
Authors
Makhakhane, Bothephana
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Publisher
University of the Free State
Abstract
English: Student support is extremely important in the distance mode of learning. Distance students are geographically separated from the institution that offers them tuition. The isolation from the institution and from peers may expose students to loneliness which may lead to anxiety, confusion and even result in dropping out. Therefore, there is an obligation for distance learning institutions to provide adequate and relevant support to enrolled students to enable them to cope with the challenges exacerbated by the mode of learning they have chosen. In most instances distance students are adults who have multiple responsibilities such as raising families, holding full-time jobs and leading communities. Therefore, it is imperative that distance learning institutions provide sufficient support services to distance students. The aim of the study was to undertake an investigation that would identify shortcomings in the nature of support services offered at the Institute of Extra- Mural Studies (IEMS) of the National University of Lesotho. The ultimate goal was to develop an improvement plan that would address the identified critical issues regarding the quality of distance student support at the institute. The literature reviewed provided guidelines for designing an effective student support system. An empirical investigation was conducted to evaluate the nature of IEMS's distance student support. The triangulation mixed-method design was employed to conduct the investigation. Data were collected from students and academic staff through a questionnaire survey and focus group discussions. A resource inventory of IEMS distance learning programme was also conducted. All data were analysed and merged into a strengths-weaknesses-opportunitiesthreats (SWOT) analysis for interpretation. The SWOT analysis presented a contextualised, empirically-based depiction of the current nature of IEMS's distance student support services. The analysis and interpretation of data led to the identification of the shortcomings in the quality of some of the support services offered at IEMS. The findings revealed a number of critical elements that need attention, including tutors' lack of skills in dealing with adult students; the unsatisfactory quality of course materials; a lack of technological support; and the unsatisfactory provision of library services. An improvement plan was then designed in the form of an event guide. Goals to be achieved are outlined and for each goal an event track, indicating the assumed order of events (actions) and the priority status of each event (short-, medium- or long- term), is explained. The improvement plan can be adapted and implemented specifically by the Department of Adult Education (ADE) at IEMS. However, other IEMS academic programmes that may opt to offer their programmes by distance mode can also implement the plan to serve as a guide to the kind of support that can be provided to distance students. The significance of the study lies in the development of an improvement plan based on the directives for designing an effective distance student support.
Afrikaans: Studente-ondersteuning is uiters belangrik in afstandsonderrig. of library services. An improvement plan was then designed in the form of an event guide. Goals to be achieved are outlined and for each goal an event track, indicating the assumed order of events (actions) and the priority status of each event (short-, medium- or long- term), is explained. The improvement plan can be adapted and implemented specifically by the Department of Adult Education (ADE) at IEMS. However, other IEMS academic programmes that may opt to offer their programmes by distance mode can also implement the plan to serve as a guide to the kind of support that can be provided to distance students. The significance of the study lies in the development of an improvement plan based on the directives for designing an effective distance student support. Key words: Adult education, distance education, higher education, Lesotho, developing country, distance student support, tutors, course materials, library services, technological support. OPSOMMING Afstandsonderrigstudente is geografies verwyder van die instelling waaraan hulle studeer. Die isolasie t.o.v. die instelling sowel as mede-studente, kan 'n gevoel van eensaamheid in studente laat ontstaan, wat kan lei tot angstigheid en onsekerheid; somtyds dra dit selfs daartoe by dat 'n student nie sy/haar studies voltooi nie. Gevolglik is dit noodsaaklik dat afstandsonderrig-instellings die nodige, relevante ondersteuning aan ingeskrewe studente bied, sodat die studente gehelp kan word om die uitdagings wat hierdie tipe onderrig stel, te kan hanteer en oorkom. In die meeste gevalle is afstandsonderrigstudente volwassenes wat veelvuldige verantwoordelikhede dra, soos bv. sorg vir die gesin, leiding neem in gemeenskappe en ook voltydse beroepe beoefen. Dit is gevolglik belangrik dat afstandsonderrig-instellings die nodige ondersteuningsdienste aan hierdie studente bied. Hierdie studie was daarop gerig om tekortkominge te identifiseer in die ondersteuningsdienste wat deur die Instituut vir Buitekurrikulêre Studies ('IEMS') aan die Nasionale Universiteit van Lesotho gebied word. Die hoofdoel was om 'n verbeteringsplan op te stel, wat die mees kritiese probleme t.o.v. die kwaliteit van studente-ondersteuning aan die instituut kon aanspreek. Die literatuuroorsig het belangrike perspektiewe aangaande die aard van 'n effektiewe studenteondersteuningstelsel gebied. Die empiriese ondersoek was daarop gerig om IEMS se ondersteuningstelsel vir afstandsonderrigstudente te evalueer. In die navorsing is van 'n getrianguleerde gemengdemetode-ontwerp gebruik gemaak. Data-insameling het d.m.v. fokusgroepbesprekings en vraelyste geskied, met studente en akademiese personeel as deelnemers/respondente in albei gevalle. 'n Hulpbron-inventaris vir die afstandsonderrigprogram aan IEMS is ook opgestel. Na analise van die verskillende stelle data, is die resultate d.m.v. 'n 'SWOT'- analise in swakpunte, sterkpunte, geleenthede en uitdagings gekategoriseer. Die 'SWOT'-analise het 'n gekontekstualiseerde, empiries-gebaseerde uitbeelding gebied van die huidige aard van die ondersteuningsdienste vir afstandsonderrig aan die instelling. Die analisering en interpretering van die data het tekortkominge in die kwaliteit van sommige van die ondersteuningsdienste wat deur IEMS gebied word, duidelik blootgelê. Die bevindinge het ook 'n aantal kritiese elemente geïdentifiseer wat voorkeuraandag behoort te geniet. Hieronder is opleiers se gebrek aan vaardighede in veral die hantering van volwasse studente; gebreke in die gehalte van kursusmateriaal; tekorkominge in die gebruik van tegnologie vir ondersteuning; asook onvoldoende biblioteekdienste. 'n Verbeteringsplan is in die vorm van 'n aksiegids ('event guide') opgestel. Doelwitte wat bereik moet word is geformuleer; vir elke doelwit is 'n aksieplan opgestel, wat die beplande stappe wat geneem moet word, asook die prioriteitsvlak van elke stap (kort-, medium- en langtermyn), aandui en verduidelik. Die verbeteringsplan kan aangepas word en is veralop implementering deur die Departement Volwassene-onderrig gerig (alhoewel ander akademiese programme ook die aksiegids kan gebruik in die verbetering van ondersteuning aan hulle studente). Die waarde van hierdie studie lê in die daarstelling van die verbeteringsplan, wat op aanvaarde riglyne vir die ontwikkeling van effektiewe ondersteuning in afstandsonderrig gebaseer is.
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Keywords
Adult education, Distance education, Higher education, Lesetho, Developing country, Distance student support, Tutors, Course materials, Library services, Technological services, Distance education -- Lesotho, Student assistance program -- Lesotho, Thesis (Ph.D. (Higher Education Studies))--University of the Free State, 2012
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