Diallel and stability analysis of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) in South Africa
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Date
2005-11
Authors
Liu, Yiguo
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
University of the Free State
Abstract
English: Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an important fiber crop world wide, and has a great potential for its multipurpose uses. It could play a significant role in future fiber supply in Southern Africa. Six diverse cultivars were selected from 14 genotypes as parental lines and crossed in a full-diallel method. The parental lines and 30 F1 hybrids were assessed and various traits were measured. General combining ability (GCA) was lower than specific combining ability (SCA). This indicated that non-additive genetic effects were more important for the inheritance of those characteristics. High heritability in the broad sense was recorded for the yield related characteristics (FPM, DPM, PH, BD, MD). Heterosis was widely expressed in the F1 generation. Many crosses showed both mid-parent and high-parent heterosis for the yield characteristics (FPM, DPM, PH, BD, MD). It can be concluded that a hybrid breeding program could effectively improve kenaf yield. Nine kenaf cultivars were evaluated for stability in two locations across two years. Highly significant differences were observed between the locations and years for fresh yield, defoliated yield and dry yield. The location under irrigated conditions had a higher yield value than under dry land conditions. Genotype x environment interaction was significant in this study. Four different types of stability parameters and correlation analyses were used to evaluate kenaf cultivar stability. In the combined analysis, El Salvador and Everglades 41 were the cultivars that tended to have highest dry yield in the various environments. Tainung 2 was the most unstable cultivar for the measured characteristics.
Arikaans: Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is ‘n belangrike veselgewas wêreldwyd, en het groot potensiaal vir veelvuldige gebruike. Dit kan ‘n betekenisvolle rol speel in toekomstige veselvoorsiening in Suidelike Afrika. Ses diverse cultivars is geselekteer uit 14 genotipes as ouerlyne en is gekruis in ‘n vol dialleel ontwerp. Die ouerlyne en die 30 F1 basters is geëvalueer vir verskillende eienskappe. Algemene kombineervermoë (GCA) was laer as spesifieke kombineervermoë (SCA). Dit het getoon dat nie-additiewe genetiese effekte belangriker was vir die oorerwing van hierdie eienskappe. Hoë breë sin oorerflikheid is gesien vir opbrengs en verwante eienskappe (FPM, DPM, PH, BD, MD). Heterose is sterk uitgedruk in die F1 generasie. Baie kruise het beide mid- en hoogste ouer heterose getoon vir opbrengs en verwante eienskappe (FPM, DPM, PH, BD, MD). ‘n Kenaf basterteelprogram behoort baie effektief te wees om kenaf opbrengs te verhoog. Nege kenaf cultivars is geëvalueer oor twee lokaliteite en twee seisoene. Hoogs betekenisvolle verskille is gesien tussen lokaliteite en seisoene vir vars opbrengs, ontblaarde opbrengs en droë opbrengs. Die besproeide lokaliteit het heelwat hoër nat opbrengs, ontblaarde opbrengs en droë opbrengs gegee. Daar was betekenisvolle genotipe x omgewings interaksie. Vier verskillende soorte stabiliteitsanalises is gedoen, en korrelasies is bepaal. Uit die gekombineerde analise was El Salvador en Everglades 41 die cultivars wat die hoogste droë opbrengs gehad het in die verskillende omgewings. Tainung 2 was die mees onstabiele cultivar vir alle gemeette eienskappe.
Arikaans: Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is ‘n belangrike veselgewas wêreldwyd, en het groot potensiaal vir veelvuldige gebruike. Dit kan ‘n betekenisvolle rol speel in toekomstige veselvoorsiening in Suidelike Afrika. Ses diverse cultivars is geselekteer uit 14 genotipes as ouerlyne en is gekruis in ‘n vol dialleel ontwerp. Die ouerlyne en die 30 F1 basters is geëvalueer vir verskillende eienskappe. Algemene kombineervermoë (GCA) was laer as spesifieke kombineervermoë (SCA). Dit het getoon dat nie-additiewe genetiese effekte belangriker was vir die oorerwing van hierdie eienskappe. Hoë breë sin oorerflikheid is gesien vir opbrengs en verwante eienskappe (FPM, DPM, PH, BD, MD). Heterose is sterk uitgedruk in die F1 generasie. Baie kruise het beide mid- en hoogste ouer heterose getoon vir opbrengs en verwante eienskappe (FPM, DPM, PH, BD, MD). ‘n Kenaf basterteelprogram behoort baie effektief te wees om kenaf opbrengs te verhoog. Nege kenaf cultivars is geëvalueer oor twee lokaliteite en twee seisoene. Hoogs betekenisvolle verskille is gesien tussen lokaliteite en seisoene vir vars opbrengs, ontblaarde opbrengs en droë opbrengs. Die besproeide lokaliteit het heelwat hoër nat opbrengs, ontblaarde opbrengs en droë opbrengs gegee. Daar was betekenisvolle genotipe x omgewings interaksie. Vier verskillende soorte stabiliteitsanalises is gedoen, en korrelasies is bepaal. Uit die gekombineerde analise was El Salvador en Everglades 41 die cultivars wat die hoogste droë opbrengs gehad het in die verskillende omgewings. Tainung 2 was die mees onstabiele cultivar vir alle gemeette eienskappe.
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Keywords
Kenaf -- South Africa, Genotype-environment interaction, Kenaf -- Breeding -- South Africa, South Africa, Hibiscus cannabinus, Dissertation (M.Sc.Agric. (Plant Sciences: Plant Breeding))--University of the Free State, 2005, Combining ability, Heterosis, Stability, Yield, Genotype x environment interaction