Developing and enforcing fracking regulations to protect groundwater resources
Loading...
Date
2022
Authors
Esterhuyse, S.
Vermeulen, D.
Glazewski, J.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Nature Research
Abstract
Unconventional oil and gas (UOG) extraction can augment energy supplies in countries with viable gas resources, but it risks damaging water resources. Water supply problems for fracking can also limit UOG extraction, especially in water-stressed regions. Regulations are one of the main tools used to minimize UOG extraction impacts on water resources. Many states in the US and Canada have extensive regulations to protect water resources during UOG extraction but they are often ineffective, either because they were poorly drafted or because they are not properly enforced. South Africa is a water-scarce, groundwater-dependent country that is considering UOG extraction in the future. South African groundwater experts were surveyed on what regulations are needed to protect groundwater resources and how to enforce them. This study recommends specific UOG extraction regulations to protect groundwater resources, which are not only relevant to South Africa, but also to other countries that extract UOG resources.
Description
Keywords
Fracking, Regulations, Groundwater resources, South African mountain club history, Unconventional oil and gas (UOG)
Citation
Esterhuyse, S., Vermeulen, D., & Glazewski, J. (2022). Developing and enforcing fracking regulations to protect groundwater resources. npj Clean Water, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-021-00145-y