Doctoral Degrees (Consumer Science)
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Browsing Doctoral Degrees (Consumer Science) by Subject "Catholyte"
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Item Open Access The evaluation of catholyte treatment on the colour and tensile properties of dyed cotton, polyester and polyamide 6,6 fabrics(University of the Free State, 2015-01) Cronjé, Natasha; Steyn, H. J. H.English: Colour is one of the most significant factors in the appeal and marketability of textile products. Cotton, polyester and polyamide 6,6 are the most prominent groups of fibres used in the world. A Life Cycle Assessment done on textile products revealed that the area of greatest environmental impact is the consumer use phase, due to the laundering habits for the care of these products over its life span. With the development of electrochemically activated water (Catholyte) and some research done to suggest it might be an environmentally friendly alternative detergent for laundering; the environmental impact during the consumer phase can therefore be considerably scaled down. The influence of Catholyte on the colourfastness of textiles is, however, unknown. Thus it was the aim of this study to determine the influence of Catholyte on certain colourfastness properties of dyed cotton, polyester and polyamide 6,6 textile fabrics. The sulphur, direct, reactive and azoic dyed cotton, disperse dyed polyester and acid dyed polyamide 6,6 textile fabrics were laundered (AATCC 61) with Catholyte, detergent and filtered water at 40C and 60C for five, ten, twenty or fifty cycles respectively. Wash fastness and staining (AATCC Evaluation Procedure 6) were measured instrumentally with a Konika Minolta Spectrophotometer 2300d using illuminant 10 standard observer. Colourfastness to rubbing, dry and wet (AATCC 8), as well as tensile strength (SANS 1092) was also evaluated. The colorimetric data obtained was converted to Gray scale ratings (AATCC Evaluation Procedure 12). The results indicate that laundering with Catholyte caused slightly less Gray scale values as opposed to laundering with detergent, with regards to sulphur and direct black dyed cotton. Higher wash fastness was observed when reactive black and direct red dyed cotton samples were laundered with Catholyte, as opposed to laundering with detergent. When laundering disperse red dyed polyester, acid red dyed polyamide, azoic orange, reactive red, blue, violet and green dyed cotton, with both Catholyte and detergent indicated similar wash fastness results. Staining results indicate that laundering sulphur black, reactive black, red, blue and violet, azoic orange dyed cotton and acid red dyed polyamide with detergent resulted in less staining than laundering with Catholyte. Laundering direct black dyed cotton resulted in less staining when laundered with Catholyte, compared to laundering with detergent. Regardless of laundering the disperse red dyed polyester, direct red and reactive green dyed cotton with either Catholyte or detergent, similar staining results were observed. The influence of both Catholyte and detergent on the colourfastness to dry rubbing of sulphur black, direct black and reactive black and red, azoic orange dyed cotton and acid red dyed polyamide were similar. Laundering the disperse red dyed polyester and the direct red, reactive green and blue dyed cotton, resulted in slightly higher colourfastness to dry rubbing when laundered with detergent. Laundering the reactive violet dyed cotton with Catholyte resulted in better colourfastness to dry rubbing when compared to laundering with detergent. Laundering the direct black, reactive black, red, blue, violet and green, azoic orange dyed cotton, disperse red dyed polyester and acid red dyed polyamide with Catholyte and detergent resulted in similar colourfastness to wet rubbing. Laundering the sulphur black and direct red dyed cotton with detergent resulted in slightly less colourfastness to wet rubbing when compared to laundering with Catholyte. Laundering sulphur black, reactive black and violet, direct red and azoic orange dyed cotton with detergent, caused greater loss in tensile strength as opposed to laundering with Catholyte. Laundering the direct black and reactive red, blue and green dyed cotton, disperse red dyed polyester, acid red dyed polyamide with Catholyte, caused greater loss in tensile strength.