Doctoral Degrees (Industrial Psychology)

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Browsing Doctoral Degrees (Industrial Psychology) by Author "Kotzé, M."

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    The feminine and the masculine in the dream imagery of career-oriented women - a post-Jungian perspective
    (University of the Free State, 1999) Griessel, Loura; Kotzé, M.; Lüttig, E. M.
    The central aim of this study is to explore the archetypal Feminine and Masculine in the dream imagery of career-oriented women in order to understand more about their developmental patterns and dynamics, especially within white Afrikaner culture. The study is theoretically grounded in the analytical psychology of C.G. Jung. In evolving his ideas on psychological development, Jung sees development and individuation as embedded in the archetypes of the Feminine (nurturing, interrelatedness, immersion in life, empathy) and the Masculine (autonomous, separateness, aggressiveness). Jung argues that women instinctively have more of these Feminine qualities and live in a Feminine consciousness, while men have more of a Masculine consciousness. Post-Jungians have come to understand that, as a result of gender and cultural conditioning in the western patriarchy, women, as a result of their experiences, tend to have the archetypal Feminine patterns and ways of being mediating themselves. Post-Jungian thinking has led to an understanding that Feminine and Masculine consciousness are open to both sexes from birth. A post-Jungian developmental model regards the Feminine and Masculine as the basic principles in which all other archetypes partake. They are used to explain the developmental patterns of the Self and ego-consciousness over a life-time. Thus this post-Jungian model becomes a way in which to understand the developmental patterns of the Self in career-oriented women by using the Feminine and Masculine principles, their images, and forms. In the Jungian paradigm, the world of industrialised market-related work forms part of the Masculine archetypal principle with its modes of consciousness in its heroic drivenness, aggression, goal-orientation, and regulatory nature. Thus, career-oriented women would tend to move closer to, and even identify with, the world of the Masculine and its modes of consciousness, while leaving more of their Feminine qualities in the unconsciousness. These considerations lead to the questions of what Feminine and Masculine themes emerge in the dream imagery of career-oriented women and how they relate to the developmental model of the Self which explains development in terms of the Feminine-Masculine polarity. This investigation also indicates particular images with which these women are identified and which mediate their ego-consciousness and ways of being. The first part of the literature study deals with Jung's understanding of the dynamics of the psyche and how these pertain to the two basic archetypal principles of the Feminine and Masculine. The focus is on the developmental model of the Self which integrates Jung's work and current post-Jungian thinking. This part also explores the Feminine and Masculine principles, their forms, images and structures. The second part of the literature study focuses on the Masculine nature of work. The last part of the literature study deals with an adapted model of the Self, using the archetypal Feminine and Masculine, for career-oriented women. To address the research questions empirically, a hermeneutically-grounded thematic analysis of 128 dreams reported by career-oriented women of Afrikaner origin was undertaken. Nineteen themes emerged from the data, each of which has been elucidated in turn, using Jung's method of amplification. This process yielded two concise themes, the Feminine and the Masculine. This study concludes that the dream imagery in career-oriented women reveals more Feminine themes (fifteen) than Masculine (nine), indicating that these women have as a group moved closer to the Masculine modes of consciousness with their specific implications for development and individuation. The structural or typological images mediating these modes of consciousness are identified and described within the developmental model of the Self. The clinical implications of these findings and indications for further research are explained.
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    Psychological factors as predictors of employees' attitudes towards work place safety in a public electricity company in South Africa
    (University of the Free State, 2010) Steyn, Leon Johan; Kotzé, M.; Bester, C. L.
    Afrikaans: Die verhouding tussen individuele verskille en die oorsaak van werksplek insidente/ongelukke insluitend voertuigongelukke word reeds vanaf die jaar 1917 nagevors. Internasionaal word hierdie verskynsel steeds as 'n kritiese agenda vir navorsing in die 21ste eeu beskou. Benewens dit, is daar reeds ondersoek na 'n wye reeks latente of waarneembare individuele (bv. intelligensie, persoonlikheid, stres) en organisatoriese (bv. leierskapondersteuning, veiligheidskultuur, werkstevredenheid) veranderlikes as voorspellers vir die oorsake waarom werknemers by riskogedrag betrokke raak gedoen. Houdings teenoor werksplekveiligheid is in ander dele van die wêreld 'n weldeurdagte navorsingsverskynsel. Daarbenewens, kon geen vorige navorsing in Suid-Afrika wat 'n proses van 'n kombinasie van psigologiese faktore wat verband hou met werknemers se houding teenoor werksplekveiligheid gevind word nie. Die studie het die invloed van psigologiese faktore op houdings teenoor werksplekveiligheid verken. Die doel van die studie was tweeledig, eerstens om vas te stelof 'n statistiese betekenisvolle verband tussen die voorspeller- en kriterium veranderlikes bestaan, en tweedens deur middel van gedeeltelike minste vierkantige modellering "Path Least Square Modelling" te bepaal of 'n werknemer se houding teenoor werksplekveiligheid deur psigologiese faktore beinvloed kan word. Intelligensie, persoonlikheid, uitbranding, werksbegeestering, en koherensiesin was as die voorspellerveranderlikes en veiligheid van bewussyn (veiligheidbeheer, risikovermyding, strestoleransie), voertuigbestuurder houding, en oriëntasie teenoor kwaliteit wat houdings teenoor werksplekveiligehid beinvloed, was as die kriterium veranderlikes in die studie gebruik. Uit die literatuur, het die studie 'n logiese volgorde wat die interverwantskap tussen die psigologiese faktore en hul verwanskap met veiligheid van bewussyn, voertuigbestuurder houding, en oriëntasie teenoor kwaliteit voorgestel. Om die geldigheid van die proses te bepaal, het die studie van 'n groep proefpersone wat tussen 2006 en 2008 in 'n werksplek insident/ongeluk of voertuig ongeluk betrokke was gebruik gemaak. 'n Groep van 279 werknemers in diens van 'n 'n publieke elektrisiteitsorganisasie in Suid Afrika, het aan die studie deelgeneem. Beide opname- en statistiese modelleringsmetodiek was gebruik. Gestandardiseerde vraelyste was gebruik om die verskillende psigologiese en veiligheidshoudings veranderlikes te meet. Die berekenings en geldigheidsontleding van die meetinstrumente wat intelligensie en persoonlikheid meet was deur die diensverskaffers bereken. Die studie het van verklarende faktorontleding gebruik gemaak om die toepaslikheid van die faktorstruktuur van die uitbranding, werksbegeestering, koherensiesin, en veiligheidhoudings konstrukte op die steekproef te bepaal. Die voorge telde faktorstruktuur van die meetinstrumente was deur bevestigende faktor ontleding bevestig met aanvaarbare passing statistiek. Hipotese I was deur korrela ie ontleding bevestig wat aangedui het dat daar wel 'n statistiese betekenisvolle verband tu en die verskillende veranderlikes bestaan. Verder het die resultate van die regressieontleding aangedui dat 9 psigologiese faktore 67% van die variansie op veiligheid van bewussyn voorspel het, 5 psigologiese faktore 53% van die variansie op voertuigbestuurder houding voorspel het, en 7 psigologiese faktore 35% van die variansie op oriëntasie teenoor kwaliteit voorspel het. Daar was van die minste vierkantige modellering "Path Least Square Modelling" benadering gebruik gemaak om die betroubaarheid van die psigologiese en veiligheidshoudingsfaktore wat in die meetingsmodel (buite model) ingesluit was te bereken, asook met die evaluering van die teoretiese model (binne model). Aanvaarbare passingsstatistiek was verkry wat die rigting aangedui het vir die evaluering van die teoretiese model. Tydens die evaluering van die verwantskappe tussen die latente konstrukte van die teoretiese model was die volgende statistiese betekenisvolle padkoeffisiënte verkry (I) intelligensie en voertuigbestuurder houding, (2) persoonlikheid en uitbranding, (3) persoonlikheid en koherensiesin, (4) persoonlikheid en veiligheid van bewussyn, (5) koherensiesin en uitbranding, (6) koherensiesin en werk begeestering, (7) koherensiesin en oriëntasie teenoor kwaliteit, (8) voertuigbestuurder houding en veiligheid van bewussyn, en (9) oriëntasie teenoor kwaliteit en veiligheid van bewussyn. Van groot waarde was dat slegs intelligensie, persoonlikheid en koherensiesin die proefpersone e houding teenoor werksplekveiliheid betekenisvol beinvloed het. Per oonlikheid en 'n sterker koheresiesin het die effek op uitbranding gemodereer, terwyl kohere iesin 'n positiewe uitwerking op werksbegeestering getoon het. Die padverwantskap tussen die veiligheidhoudingskonstrukte met uitbranding en werksbegeestering was nie betekenisvol nie. Die studie het voorgestel dat die teoretiese model verder verfyn moet word asook die toetsing van die modelop 'n groter steekproef.