Doctoral Degrees (Centre for Gender and Africa Studies)

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Browsing Doctoral Degrees (Centre for Gender and Africa Studies) by Advisor "Daimon, Anusa"

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    Peasants, ecology and the state: food security in the Lake Chilwa Basin of Southern Malawi, 1891 - 1994
    (University of the Free State, 2018) Nkhoma, Bryson Gwiyani; Masakure, Clement; Muller, Cornelis; Daimon, Anusa
    𝑬𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒉 This study explores the history of peasants’ experiences in relation to state interventions into Malawi’s rural food economy from 1891 to 1994. Using the case of the Lake Chilwa basin of southern Malawi, it investigates the extent to which peasants maintained food security in the face of political, economic and ecological changes during the period of study. Despite its political and economic power, the study contends, the state was not always all-powerful or monolithic in executing its food security interventions in the country. Nor did the peasants constantly express their agency in isolation from the state. Instead, the state-peasants relations were complex, dynamic and contested. Furthermore, while colonialism disrupted African economies, its impact on peasants’ food security varied with place, time, gender and class, such that in some respects, it created an environment conducive for the maintenance of food security among the peasants. The study argues further that relations between the state and the peasants over matters of food did not occur in isolation from global changes. Nor were the relations simply ‘acted upon’ by international forces. While ecological changes and periodic droughts were critical for peasants’ food security, their impacts in the Chilwa basin were accentuated largely by the political, economic and social circumstances of the times. This thesis, therefore, contributes to the burgeoning literature on food security, agriculture and ecology. This literature predominantly placed peasants’ everyday experiences of food production and consumption at the forefront in the face of droughts, hunger and famine, but paid little attention to the interventions made by the state to complement or degrade pre-existing food security practices in rural Malawi. ___________________________________________________________________
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    Staying on the margins: Konkomba mobility and belonging in Northern Ghana, 1914-1996
    (University of the Free State, 2018-11) Kachim, Joseph Udimal; Roos, Neil; Grilli, Matteo; Daimon, Anusa
    English: This thesis examines Konkomba mobility and the contestations it generated about their belonging in northern Ghana. It analyses the social and political context within which this mobility occurred and argues that by moving across colonial and ethnic boundaries and further away from centres of power, the Konkomba placed themselves beyond the reach of state authorities. The thesis contends that whereas Konkomba spatial mobility was initially an instrument of resistance against state control, it became a source of marginality and exclusion from political and land rights in the postcolonial period. It further analyses the shifting British colonial policy, arguing that the nature and trajectory of British colonial experiment among the Konkomba were shaped not only by colonial initiatives but also by the Konkomba’s ability to subvert colonial rule through cross-border mobility. On the other hand, colonial policy also influenced the changing pattern and magnitude of Konkomba mobility. The thesis argues that the pattern of Konkomba mobility in the 1930s and 1940s has had a lasting impact not only on Konkomba status but also on the political and demographic history of the region. In addition, the thesis maintains that colonial state formation in northern Ghana produced a highly politicised form of ethnicity by pushing groups to redefine their feelings of belonging and identity in ethnic terms. It also analyses the tensions that emerged between the Konkomba and their host groups in the 1960s and 1970s as well as the differentiated ways in which they negotiated their inclusion in their host communities. Whereas in the 1990s, democratisation opened up political space for equal citizenship, it also excluded the Konkomba from land ownership and political rights. This fuelled tension between the Konkomba and their hosts. The thesis goes beyond explanations for mobility to contribute to debates around ethnic identity, belonging and democratisation in contemporary Africa, suggesting that there is the need to rethink the role of democratisation as a tool for empowering marginalised groups in Africa.