Emerging threats to equitable implementation of ART in South Africa

English: The Comprehensive Plan for the expanded treatment of HIV in South Africa was lodged in November 2003. The guiding principles of this plan are “universal access to care and treatment for all, irrespective of race, colour, gender and economic status”, and equitable implementation. However, there are concerns that the provision of antiretroviral treatment will exacerbate existing inequities, thereby undermining the very system that it seeks to build. Using a monitoring framework developed by EQUINET, this contribution seeks to identify the shortfalls in programme implementation and threats to achieving the equity goals that are emerging. Findings highlight ongoing concerns around weak monitoring systems and data collection that enable the development of equity profiles at a sub-national level, while limiting the extent to which progress in meeting the guiding principles may be assessed.