Masters Degrees (African Languages)

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Browsing Masters Degrees (African Languages) by Author "Malete, E. N."

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    The sequence of derivational and inflectional morphemes in selected Sesotho word categories
    (University of the Free State, 2015-11-25) Nhlapo, Moselane Andrew; Malete, E. N.
    English: This study examines the sequence of Sesotho derivational and inflectional morphemes in open class word categories (verbs and deverbative nouns). It examines how these morphemes are ordered and based on Greenberg’s universal clause, which states that ‘if both the derivation and inflection follow the root, or they both precede the root, the derivation is always between the root and the inflection’ (Greenberg 1963:93). This statement has been tested in Sesotho word categories such as verb phrases and deverbative noun phrases. A brief description, classification, linear and hierarchical arrangement of Sesotho grammatical morphemes have been given in terms of the XBar theory and Beard (1995)’s, Lexeme-Based – Morphology as a background theory to contextualise the analysis of the sequence of Sesotho lexical morphemes. Sample word categories were chosen from Sesotho noun class list, and a range of Sesotho word categories were selected from the list and analysed to determine the sequence and various combinations of derivational and inflectional morphemes. It has been observed that inflectional morphemes in verbs are always amid the root and the closing vowel known as the verbal end. Secondly, it has been observed that when inflectional morphemes appear with derivational morphemes in the formation of a new word category, the derivational morphemes, in this case noun prefixes, always appear at the beginning of the word as in (Mosebeletsi [Worker]), and also appear at the end of the word as in this example (Tshwarelo [Forgiveness]). This study argued that Sesotho as one of the agglutinative languages, employs noun class prefixes as nominal derivational morphemes, which appear at the beginning of the noun and it also employs locative suffixes [-eng] to form locative nouns which function as adverbs. The suffix [-eng] therefore also functions as derivational morpheme but in this case it appears at the end of the noun locatives. This study therefore concludes that Sesotho does not conform to Greenberg’s (1963) universal statement.
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    The structural analysis and interpretation of Sesotho folktale: Mokoko le Phakwe
    (University of the Free State, 2012-01) Nthako, M. S.; Malete, E. N.
    Folktales are literally forms that reveal the soul of any society; they express its wishes, desires, hopes and beliefs about the world. They are often ancient, have fictitious characters and situations and mostly oral traditions before they were written down. According to the South African folklore journal, 'African folktales are in their very nature plain, and primitive in their simplicity; not adorned with the wealth of places and precious stones to be met with in the folklore of more civilized nations, but descriptive in great measure of the events of everyday life, among those in a low state of civilization; and with the exception of evidence of moral qualities, and of such imagery as is connected with the phenomena of nature , very little that is grand or magnificent must be looked for in it'. The central aim of this study is to indicate through Vladimir Propps's Morphological Analysis of Russian Folktales (1927) that African folktales, in this case Sesotho folktales, have much to look for with regard to Sesotho folktales, called'Mokoko le Phakwe' (The Cock & the Hawk) The analysis of this folktale will be considered within the Syntagmatic structural approach, where the text is described in chronological order as reported by the story teller , and within the Paradigmatic structured approach, where patterns underlying the folkloristic text is not a requested structure , but where elements are regrouped in a more analytical manner to manifest latent content within the text. It is this latent content that this study will employ to highlight the importance of oral literature to our daily lives, to highlight how Sesotho folktales can play a major role in the interpretation of socio-economic situations in the lives of African people even today.
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    Structural analysis, significance and interpretation of Sesotho folktale: Phokojwe
    (University of the Free State, 2011-02) Mokoena, Lynette Sellwane; Malete, E. N.
    This study project focuses on one Sesotho folktale called "Phokojwe", (The jackal). All characters are animals and the subject is about water preservation and its challenges. This folktales will be considered within the Syntagmatic Structural approach, where the text is described in chronological order as reported by the story teller, and within the Paradigmatic structured approach, where patterns underlying the Folkloristic text is not a requested structure, but where elements are regrouped in a more analytical manner to manifest latent content within the text. It is this latent content that this study will employ to depict how this folktale can be used to interpret the socio-political situation in real life. This research study further intends to argue that Sesotho folktales are not bound to time and space; they can be employed to interpret the current economic and social happenings. They have depth in that there is an underlying message from which people can learn about African values and social norms. In this folktale, 'Phokojwe', the significance of democracy is depicted, the practice of preserving water is the central subject, voluntarism, human weakness and bribery prevail.