Planning for emergency services using GIS-based geographic accessibility analysis

Abstract

English: Municipalities and metropolitan structures are required by law to provide sufficient response to emergency situations. In order to respond efficiently to disasters such as fire and flooding, it is necessary to place facilities optimally. This case study presents and applies a methodology to determine the locations of additional fire stations, using accessibility analysis rather than incident data which is often incomplete or unavailable. The required response time is based on the SANS 10090:2003 standard for various risks. The case study recommends that in the longer term seven additional fire stations are needed in conjunction with the existing 19 fire stations in the eThekwini Metro in South Africa to offer a response to fire incidents as required by the standard.

Afrikaans: Munisipaliteite word wetlik verplig om gepaste nooddienste aan die bevolking binne hul grense te verskaf. Die optimale plasing van nooddiensfasiliteite stel nooddienste in staat om effektief binne ’n bepaalde tyd te reageer in noodgevalle soos brandand vloedinsidente. Die betrokke studie maak gebruik van ’n GIS-gebaseerde toeganklikheidsanalise om die optimale ligging van addisionele brandweerstasies binne ’n munisipaliteit te bepaal. Die metode word voorgestel vir omgewings waar insidentdata nie bekombaar is nie, of waar die insidentdata onvolledig is. Die analise bepaal die ligging van nuwe fasiliteite deur die voorgeskrewe reaksietyd vir verskillende tipes risiko-areas soos aangedui deur SANS 10090:2003 in berekening te bring. Die gevallestudie wys hoe en waar hierdie metode sewe addisionele brandweerstasies, tot die huidige 19, vir die eThekwini-munisipaliteit voorstel om te sorg dat die nooddienste van die metro aan die SANS 10090:2003 standaard voldoen.

SeSotho: Masepala le teropo tse kholo di tlangoa ke molao ho ba le ditshebeletso tse phethahetseng ho re ho be le ditshebeletso ts ephethahetsebg tsa nako ya dikotsi tse ka reng mollo le metsi a mangata ka baka la pula, ho bohlokoa ho beha ditshebeletso dibakeng tseo di tla khona ho fihla kotsing kapele le ha bobebo. Dipatlisiso tsa mosebetsi ona di bontsha, ebile di sebedisa mekhoa ya ho etsa diqeto tsa hore na dibaka tsa matlo a di tima mollo tsa ncha di be kae, ho sebedisoa accessibility analysis ntle le incident data eo ka mehla ee be e sa fella kappa e le sieo. Nako e hlokahalang ya ho araba dikopo tsa thuso di ahloloa ke SANS 10093:2003. Dipatliso tsa mosebetsi ona di eletsa hore matlo a di tima mollo a supa a macha a hlokahala ho sebedisanan mmoho le a leshome e metso e robong e se ntse e le teng eThekwini metro, Afrika Borwa, ho fana ka nako e phethahetseng hantle ya ho araba dikopo tsa thuso.