More explicit regional policy for South Africa, please Mr President

Abstract

English: South Africa has a long and well-documented history with regard to the design and implementation of national development and regional policy. With the first official policy initiatives in the 1960s, it was decided by the then National Party that a policy of separate development (apartheid) of ethnic groups had to be implemented in the national space economy. In this sense, there is no doubt about the explicit nature of this policy, as it had very specific spatial objectives and implications from the national level down to neighbourhood level. With the democratisation of the Government in 1994, this negative policy connotation led to the establishment of numerous spatial development policies without any significant ‘spatial’ application. At the moment, however, numerous national government departments implement spatial investment programmes on a spatially explicit basis, with little coordination between these spheres and sectors of government. Research has shown that, on a global level, national and regional development policy increasingly has to be focused on a selected number of cities with inherent economic agglomeration benefits. This article aims to provide a scientifically based perspective on what the policy approach of the Presidency’s envisaged National Spatial Framework (RSA, 2012) should include, i.e., an explicit and spatially selective approach focused on cities with existing agglomeration economies.

Afrikaans: Suid-Afrika het ‘n lang en goed-gedokumenteerde geskiedenis met betrekking tot die formulering en implementering van nasionale- en streekontwikkelingsbeleid. Die eerste amptelike beleidsinisiatiewe is in die 1960’s deur die Nasionale Party daargestel toe ‘n beleid van aparte ontwikkeling (apartheid) van die verskillende etniese groepe in die nasionale ruimte geïmplementeer is. Daar is geen twyfel aan die eksplisiete aard van dié beleid nie, aangesien dit spesifieke ruimtelike doelwitte op nasionale tot plaaslike vlak gehad het. Met die verkiesing van ‘n demokratiese regering in 1994, het die negatiewe konnotasie wat eksplisiete beleid dra, die gevolg gehad dat menige beleide intussen daargestel is sonder enige noemenswaardige ruimtelike fokus. Tans is daar egter verskeie nasionale regeringsdepartemente wat ruimtelik-eksplisiete programme implementeer, met min koördinasie tussen hierdie verskillende sfere van die regering. Navorsing toon dat, op globale skaal, nasionale en streekbeleid toenemend op ‘n beperkte aantal stede met inherente ekonomiese agglomerasievoordele gefokus moet wees. Hierdie artikel het ten doel om ‘n wetenskaplik-gefundeerde benadering daar te stel wat in die Presidensie se voorgestelde Nasionale Ruimtelike Raamwerk ingesluit kan word (RSA, 2012). Die raamwerk behoort gebaseer te wees op ‘n eksplisiete en ruimtelik-selektiewe benadering, gefokus op stede met bestaande agglomerasievoordele.