Human trafficking and psychosocial protective factors: the experiences of female victims of involuntary prostitution

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Date
2014-10
Authors
Carstens, Lydia-Anne
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University of the Free State
Abstract
English: The aim of the study was to explore and describe the experience of psychosocial protective factors in the lives of female human trafficking victims, who have been forced into involuntary prostitution. Human trafficking is a global phenomenon and a major source of concern in South Africa as the country acts as a source, transit and destination country for many forms of trafficking, including involuntary prostitution. Over the past few years human trafficking received a lot of attention globally as well as in South Africa. Presently however, there is a paucity of psychological research on this issue in South Africa, as the majority of the studies on this topic address legal considerations in human trafficking, and not the related psychosocial factors. Research in the field of resilience has indicated the strong role of protective factors in buffering the effect of traumatic experiences as experienced by victims of human trafficking. Protective factors are defined as any positive attribute or strength which can lead to better outcomes or resilience. A qualitative multiple case study research design was used to explore the psychosocial protective factors in the lives of two victims of human trafficking. A single semi-structured interview was conducted with each of two victims of involuntary prostitution, who had been removed from the trafficking environment and was residing in two different shelters. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed by means of thematic analysis. The themes identified included family and related protective/risk factors, social protective/risk factors, community and related protective/risk factors, and individual protective factors. The results of the analysis were compared to research on protective factors in South African as well as internationally. The findings of the study suggest that there are many protective factors in the lives of both participants, which may be an indicator of the possibility of future resilience.
Afrikaans: In dié studie is die psigososiale beskermende faktore in die lewe van twee vroulike slagoffers van mensehandel, wat gedwing was tot prostitusie, verken en beskryf. Mensehandel is ‘n globale verskynsel en ook in Suid-Afrika is dit `n toenemende problematiese kwessie. Tans word Suid-Afrika beskou as `n land van oorsprong, oorgang en bestemming vir talle vorme van mensehandel, insluitend gedwonge prostitusie. Alhoewel mensehandel globaal sowel as in Suid-Afrika baie aandag geniet, is daar `n tekort aan sielkundige navorsing in die veld, aangesien die meerderheid studies op wetlike aspekte fokus, en nie op die verwante psigososiale faktore nie. Navorsing in die veld van veerkragtigheid dui aan dat beskermende faktore, die traumatiese ervarings van slagoffers van mensehandel, kan help teenstaan. Beskermende faktore kan gedefinieer word as enige positiewe sterkpunte wat tot beter uitkomste of veerkragtigheid kan lei. `n Kwalitatiewe, veelvuldige gevallestudie is gebruik om beskermende faktore te ondersoek in die lewens van twee slagoffers van mensehandel. `n Enkele semi-gestruktureerde onderhoud is gevoer met elk van die twee slagoffers, wat reeds uit die mensehandel omgewing verwyder is en wat in `n skuiling vir vroue geplaas is. Elke onderhoud was verbatim getranskribeer en tematies geanaliseer. Die geidentifiseerde temas sluit in: familie en verwante beskermende/risiko faktore, sosiale ondersteunings beskermende/risiko faktore, gemeenskaps en verwante beskermende/risiko faktore, en individuele beskermende faktore. Die resultate van die analise is vervolgens aan die hand van die beskikbare internasionale sowel as die Suid-Afrikaanse literatuur aangaande beskermende faktore, bespreek. Die bevindinge dui aan dat daar `n aantal beskermende faktore in die lewe van die twee deelnemers teenwoordig is, wat `n aanduiding kan wees van moontlik toekomstige veerkragtigheid.
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Keywords
Dissertation (M.A. (Clinical Psychology))--University of the Free State, 2014, Human trafficking, Involuntary prostitution, Resilience, Protective factors, Female, Adult, South Africa
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