Evaluation of the design of highfidelity simulation by the third year nursing students in the school of nursing
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Date
2018-02
Authors
Botha, Lorette
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of the Free State
Abstract
For many years, simulation has been used as a learning strategy. Student nurses can
learn to integrate clinical skills, apply content knowledge, practice teamwork, develop
inter-professional communication skills, perform physical assessments, apply nursing
care principles, develop critical thinking skills, and much more. High-fidelity simulation
design needs to be planned and integrated into the undergraduate nursing curriculum
carefully to ensure optimal learning and enabling students to deliver optimal care
within the clinical environment.
In order to reach these competencies through the use of simulation, the School of
Nursing at the University of the Free State has been using simulation as a teaching
and learning strategy in the undergraduate and postgraduate programs since 2010.
Initially it has been a growing experience through continuous efforts to address shortfalls
and improving each simulation scenario. However, the question arose whether
the simulations we do, comply with the standards set out for quality simulation
experiences on an international level.
In 2005, Pamela Jeffries published “A Framework for Designing, Implementing, and
Evaluating Simulations Used as Teaching Strategies in Nursing.” which
conceptualized practices concerning the planning and running of simulations as a
teaching tool. The framework described five major constructs, namely: educational
practices, teacher (facilitator), students, simulation design characteristics and
outcomes. The aim of the study is to describe the instructional design of high-fidelity
simulation from third year nursing students’ perspective in the School of Nursing
regarding design characteristics and criteria of the Jeffries simulation model.
A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional descriptive design was used for this
study. Most of the third year undergraduate nursing students (30 students) evaluated
the five design characteristics of Jeffries’ simulation model by means of completing
the 20 item Simulation Design Scale (SDS) instrument immediately after participating
in a high-fidelity simulation scenario about a patient with burn wounds. The self-report
instrument was designed by the National League for Nursing and aims to evaluate the
five design characteristics, using a 5-point Likert scale.
When designing high-fidelity simulation scenarios, meticulous planning needs to
incorporate all the important aspects, including authenticity, scaffolding, alignment and
constructivism. By including these aspects, the students have a greater chance of
achieving the learning outcomes. Within this study, the researcher aims to describe
the aspects involved in the planning and designing of a high-fidelity simulation
scenario.
Results indicate not only the evaluation of the five design characteristics for a specific
simulation scenario, but also the relationship between the adherence to and
importance of these characteristics, as seen through the eyes of third year
undergraduate nursing students. The importance of debriefing was rated highest of
the five categories, with fidelity second, closely followed by support. When the
students evaluated the design characteristics, they rated problem solving and support
at an equal highest score, with debriefing in second place.
Within this research study, the students indicated that they recognized each design
characteristic, rating the presence of each at a very high level, indicating
overwhelmingly positive feedback scores. Where the students assessed the
simulation scenario, they rated support and problem solving at the highest scores,
closely followed by debriefing. This evaluation provides a very positive perspective
from the third year undergraduate student’s view of the design of high-fidelity
simulation scenarios within the third year undergraduate program at the School of
Nursing, University of the Free State in South Africa.
Description
Keywords
Nursing -- Study and teaching, Medicine -- Study and teaching -- Simulation methods, Nursing, High-fidelity simulation, Dissertation (M.Soc.Sc. (Nursing))--University of the Free State, 2018